不同耕作措施对玉米产量和土壤理化性质的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2019

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 209-213.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2019

所属专题：玉米

不同耕作措施对玉米产量和土壤理化性质的影响

张德健路战远张向前景振举姚仲军程玉臣王玉芬张建中白海咸丰

收稿日期:2013-07-24 修回日期:2013-09-24 出版日期:2014-04-25 发布日期:2014-04-25
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目 “旱作农业与农业节水技术研究与示范” (20110709)。

Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Maize Yield and Soil Physical and Chemical Characters of Maize Field

Received:2013-07-24 Revised:2013-09-24 Online:2014-04-25 Published:2014-04-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究不同耕作方式对土壤理化性状和玉米产量及经济效益的影响，通过传统翻耕、浅旋根茬还田常规播种和机械灭茬免耕播种3种耕作方式对玉米田土壤水分、土壤速效养分、玉米产量性状及产量和经济效益影响的比较，明确了不同耕作措施对玉米田土壤理化性状和玉米产量的影响。结果表明：机械灭茬免耕播种和浅旋根茬还田常规播种的出苗率、不同土层含水量、玉米产量性状、单位产量及总收益均高于传统翻耕，且浅旋根茬还田常规播种和机械灭茬免耕播种的出苗率比传统翻耕高3.3%和7.8%，不同层次土壤含水量、土壤养分的大小顺序均为机械灭茬免耕播种＞浅旋根茬还田常规播种＞传统翻耕，机械灭茬免耕播种和浅旋根茬还田常规播种处理的玉米产量比分别高9.01%和3.23%，纯收入比CK增加4305元/hm²和1965元/hm²，即分别比CK高出36.98%和17.65%。说明机械灭茬免耕播种措施最好，而浅旋根茬还田常规播种耕作方法又优于传统翻耕。

关键词: 园艺疗法, 园艺疗法

Abstract: In order to study the effects of different tillage methods on soil of physicochemical properties and maize yield and economic benefit, the paper made the comparison of different factors among three tillage methods including conventional tillage, conventional sowing with shallow rotary tillage and stubble remaining in field and no- tillage with mechanical stubble breaking. The results showed that, the emergence rate, soil water content of different soil layers, maize yield traits, maize yield, total income and pure income of conventional sowing with shallow rotary tillage and stubble remaining in field and no-tillage with mechanical stubble breaking were all higher than the conventional tillage, the emergence rate of conventional sowing with shallow rotary tillage and stubble remaining in field and no-tillage with mechanical stubble were 3.3% and 7.8% higher than that of the conventional tillage, the soil water content of different soil layers and soil available nutrient content showed no- tillage with mechanical stubble breaking＞conventional sowing with shallow rotary tillage and stubble remaining in field＞conventional tillage. The maize yield of no- tillage with mechanical stubble breaking and conventional sowing with shallow rotary tillage and stubble remaining in field were 9.01% and 3.23% higher than that of conventional tillage, the pure income increased by 4305 yuan/hm² and 1965 yuan/hm², and higher than 36.98% and 17.65% than that of the conventional tillage. This indicated that no-tillage with mechanical stubble breaking was the best tillage methods, and conventional sowing with shallow rotary tillage and stubble remaining in field was better than the conventional tillage.

张德健路战远张向前景振举姚仲军程玉臣王玉芬张建中白海咸丰. 不同耕作措施对玉米产量和土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(12): 209-213.

参考文献

[1] Hammond R B. Long-term conservation tillage studies: impact of no-till on seedcorn maggot[J]. Crop Protection,1997(3):221-225.
[2] 郭新荣.土壤深松技术的应用研究[J].山西农业大学学报,2005(1): 74-77.
[3] 周凌云.秸秆覆盖对农田土壤物理条件影响的研究[J].农业现代化研究,1997,18(5):311-314.
[4] Achary C L, Kapur O C, Dixit S P. Moisture conservation for rainfed wheat production with alternative mulches and conservation tillage in the hills of north-west India[J]. Soil& Tillage Research, 1998(6):153-163.
[5] Baumhardt R L, Jones O R. Residue management and tillage effects on soil- water storage and grain yield of dry- land wheat and sorghum for a clay loam in Texas[J]. Soil&Tillage Research,2002 (68):71-82.
[6] Ferrerasa L A, Costab J L, Garciab F O, et al. Effect of no-tillage on some soil physical properties of a structural degraded Petrocalcic Paleudoll of the southern“Pampa”of Argentina[J]. Soil & Tillage Research,2000(54):31-39.
[7] Liebig M A, Tanaka D L, Wienhold B J. Tillage and cropping effects on soil quality indicators in the northern Great Plains[J]. Soil & Tillage Research,2004(78):131-141.
[8] Olaoye J O. Influence of tillage on crop residue cover, soil properties and yield components of cowpea in derived savannah ectones of Nigeria[J]. Soil & Tillage Research,2002(64):179-187.
[9] 李玲玲,黄高宝,张仁陟,等.不同保护性耕作措施对旱作农田土壤水分的影响[J].生态学报， 2005,25(9) :2326-2338.
[10] Wang X Y, Gao H W, LI H W, et al. Experimental research on influence of conservation tillage to field surface runoff and soil water erosion[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2005,16(3):66-69.
[11] 高焕文,李问盈,李洪文.中国特色保护性耕作技术[J].农业工程学报,2003,19(3):1-4.
[12] Gao H W, Li H W, Chen J D. Sustainable mechanized dry land farming research in Northern China[Z]. ISTRO International Conference, Fort Wort, Texas, U.S.A,2000:2-5.
[13] 杨长明,杨林章,颜廷梅,等.不同养分和水分管理模式对水稻土质量的影响及其综合评价[J].生态学报,2004,24(1):63-70.
[14] 汪金平,何园秋,柯建国,等.南方双季稻田秸秆腐熟还田免耕土壤生态效应研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2004,27(2):21-24.
[15] 史忠强.小麦套作玉米周年土壤保护性耕作及轮耕模式研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2007.
[16] 刘淑梅,张洪生,韩伟,等.小麦-夏玉米周年耕作措施对夏玉米茎秆和穗部性状的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(21):54-57.
[17] 路战远,张德健,李淑芳,等.农牧交错区保护性耕作玉米田杂草发生规律及防除技术[J].河南农业科学,2007(12):66-68.
[18] 张德健,路战远,程国燕,等.农牧交错区保护性耕作小麦田间杂草发生规律及控制技术[J].安徽农业科学,2008(4):1479-1481.

不同耕作措施对玉米产量和土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Maize Yield and Soil Physical and Chemical Characters of Maize Field

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 4

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

关于本刊

作者中心

审者中心

在线期刊

联系我们

[1]	付玲, 张盟, 赵文倩, 阎旭. 园艺疗法在城市园林景观中的应用研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(34): 76-83.
[2]	金韬,郑丽,艾万峰,李梦春,柯燚,高飞. 试论园艺疗法在整合医学中的作用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(22): 152-156.
[3]	郭要富金荷仙陈海萍. 植物环境对人体健康影响的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2012, 28(28): 304-308.
[4]	林冬青1,金荷仙1,2. 园艺疗法研究现状及展望[J]. 中国农学通报, 2009, 25(21): 220-225.