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中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 87-92.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2104

所属专题: 玉米 农业气象 耕地保护

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

重庆地区不同气候年型下玉米耕地适宜等级与对策研究

潘小艳 张建平 何永坤 周文佐 王靖   

  • 收稿日期:2013-08-05 修回日期:2013-08-28 出版日期:2014-04-25 发布日期:2014-04-25
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划课题“重大农业气象灾害立体监测与动态评估技术研究”(2011BAD32B01);国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”计划)课题“气候变暖背景下中国南方旱涝灾害对水资源与农业的影响”(2013CB430205)。

The Cultivated Land Suitable Level and Countermeasures Research of Corn Under the Different Climate Years in Chongqing Area

  • Received:2013-08-05 Revised:2013-08-28 Online:2014-04-25 Published:2014-04-25

摘要: 为了规划未来重庆市在不同气候年型下玉米的合理种植与耕地资源的可持续利用,以重庆市旱地耕地为评价对象,以100 m×100 m栅格为评价单元,根据玉米种植生长的立地要求,建立不同气候年型下由地形、水热和土壤条件等组成的5个评价因子体系,借助GIS与加权指数和、多指标决策模型评价重庆市玉米适宜用地数量、质量及分布。结果表明:重庆市3种气候年型下玉米用地的适宜性情况总体良好,高度适宜区和中等适宜区面积比重占70%以上,基本可以代表研究区的适宜性水平。气候正常年份玉米用地高度适宜等级面积最大,偏干旱年份最小,偏湿润年份居中;不适宜等级面积偏干旱年份最大,正常年份居中,偏湿润年份最小。根据不同气候年型玉米用地的适宜性等级,针对重庆市玉米用地现状及存在的问题,提出了玉米用地可持续利用的建议。

关键词: 产量性状, 产量性状

Abstract: In order to plan corn reasonable planting and land resources sustainable use for the future under different climatic years in Chongqing, the study based on demands of maize habitat and using cultivated land as an evaluation object at 100 m×100 m grid resolution, a suitability evaluation index system of spring in Chongqing was established. The index system includes 5 relevant factors from 3 aspects: topography, soil and hydrothermal. The quantity, quality and spatial distribution of suitable land resources for maize were assessed by means of GIS technique, integrated with correctional weighting-multiplication model and dynamic clustering analysis. The results showed that: under the three kinds of climatic years, the land suitability of corn in Chongqing was generally good, the highly suitable areas and middle-appropriate areas accounted for 70% or more, which could represent the level of the suitability of the study area. The acreage of the highly suitable grade of corn land was the largest in the climatic normal years, the smallest in the partial drought years, and mid to the partial wet years; the acreage of the unsuitable grade was the largest in the partial drought years, the smallest in the partial wet years, and mid to the normal years. According to the suitability rank of corn land under the different climatic years, aimed at the status and existing problems of corn land in Chongqing, the suggestions of corn land sustainable utilization were put forward.