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中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (33): 1-8.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17010072

所属专题: 生物技术 土壤重金属污染 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 •    下一篇

重金属胁迫对小麦生长发育及相关生理指标的影响

周秋峰,于沐,赵建国,张果果   

  1. 郑州市农林科学研究所 450005,郑州市农林科学研究所 450005,郑州市农林科学研究所 450005,郑州市农林科学研究所 450005
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-15 修回日期:2017-02-17 接受日期:2017-02-24 出版日期:2017-11-27 发布日期:2017-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 周秋峰
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科学技术厅基金“小麦玉米种质资源创新与新品种的选育”(153PKJGG175)。

Heavy Metal Stress on Growth and Development and Physiological Indexes of Wheat

  • Received:2017-01-15 Revised:2017-02-17 Accepted:2017-02-24 Online:2017-11-27 Published:2017-11-27

摘要: 土壤污染已经成为影响作物生产,进而危害人类健康的一个急待研究与解决的重要问题,重金属因制约植物生长发育和影响农产品安全问题而成为当今世界关注的焦点。本文系统研究了Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Zn胁迫对小麦生长发育及生理指标的影响结果表明:低浓度的重金属在一定程度上促进小麦种子的萌发,而高浓度重金属则对小麦种子萌发表现为强烈的抑制作用。在不同处理中,小麦地上部分干物质总量表现 “慢-快-慢”的增长趋势。可使小麦株高降低,小穗数、不孕小穗数和成穗数减少,千粒重增加,经济系数降低,最终导致减产。通过对重金属胁迫下小麦生长发育的研究,以期为小麦生产实践中污染土壤上降低Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Zn生物有效性、建立重金属消减技术提供一定的理论支撑,为农田重金属污染监测和综合治理提供理论依据。

关键词: 农村居民, 农村居民, 消费水平, 消费结构

Abstract: Soil pollution has become an important problem affecting crop production and harming human health, it should be studied and solved urgently. The objectives are to provide theoretical support for the reduction of Cd, As, Pb, Cu, Zn bioavailability, develop techniques of heavy metal abatement in polluted soils in wheat production, and lay a foundation for field heavy metal pollution monitoring and comprehensive management. The single element pollution was used in this study. The effects of Cd, As, Pb, Cu and Zn stress on the growth and physiological indexes of wheat were studied by indoor hydroponic experiment and field trial. The results showed that low concentration of heavy metals promoted the germination of wheat seeds to a certain extent, while the high concentration of heavy metals inhibited the seed germination. In different treatments, the total aboveground dry matter content of wheat showed a“slow-fast-slow”growth trend. The plant height, spikelet number, sterile spikelet number and ear number decreased, the thousand seed weight increased, and the economic coefficient decreased, which resulted in the reduction of yield ultimately.

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