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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 9-13.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18110052

所属专题: 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

秸秆还田对双季稻产量和土壤钾素平衡的影响

孙志祥1(), 韩上2,3, 武际2,3(), 李敏2,3, 王慧2,3, 程文龙2,3, 唐杉2,3, 朱林1   

  1. (1)安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥 230036
    (2)安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,合肥 230031
    (3)养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室,合肥 230031
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-15 修回日期:2019-01-18 出版日期:2020-03-25 发布日期:2020-03-29
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省科技重大专项“皖江稻区主要农作物化肥减施增效技术模式构建与应用”(17030701055);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目“稻田亚耕层土壤培肥技术研究”(1704e1002237);安徽省农业科学院科研项目“稻区绿肥新品种选育利用技术研究”(18C1020);国家青年科学基金项目“绿肥翻压下双季稻区稻田土壤磷素形态转化及机理研究”(41807106);安徽省国际科技合作计划项目“基于砂姜黑土作物根际微生物的土壤生物培肥技术与应用”(1604b0602022)

Effect of Straw Returning on Yield and Soil Potassium Balance of Double Cropping Rice

Zhixiang Sun1(), Shang Han2,3, Ji Wu2,3(), Min Li2,3, Hui Wang2,3, Wenlong Cheng2,3, Shan Tang2,3, Lin Zhu1   

  1. (1)School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036
    (2)Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031
    (3)Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrient Recycling, Resources & Environment, Hefei 230031;
  • Received:2018-11-15 Revised:2019-01-18 Online:2020-03-25 Published:2020-03-29

摘要:

探究秸秆还田对水稻产量和土壤钾素平衡的效应,为安徽双季稻区秸秆还田和钾素合理利用提供科学依据。本试验于2013—2015年在安徽省桐城市进行,试验共设置5个处理,分别为:不施肥(CK)、不施肥+秸秆还田(CK+S)、氮磷钾(NPK)、氮磷钾+秸秆还田(NPK+S)、氮磷+80%钾+秸秆还田(NP+80%K+S)。结果显示:无论是在施肥和不施肥条件下,秸秆还田对水稻产量都没有显著负效应,而且秸秆还田替代20%化学钾肥不会减少水稻产量;CK+S、NPK和NPK+S处理的钾素表观平衡系数分别为0.90、0.48、1.40,说明单施化肥不能减缓作物对土壤钾素的消耗,秸秆还田可以显著提高土壤速效钾含量,有利于土壤钾素的收支平衡,对维持当地土壤钾素水平具有重要意义。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 双季稻, 产量, 钾素平衡

Abstract:

Field experiments were carried out to explore the effects of straw returning on rice yield and soil potassium balance, to provide a basis for straw returning and potassium use in double cropping rice area. The experiments were set in Tongcheng, Anhui in 2013 to 2015 with five treatments, including no fertilization (CK), no fertilization + straw returning (CK+S), fertilization (NPK), fertilization + straw returning (NPK+S) and nitrogen and phosphorus + 80% potassium + straw returning (NP+80%K+S). The results showed that there was no significant negative effect on rice yield among these treatments, and the rice yield under NP+80%K+S was not reduced. The apparent balance coefficient of potassium of CK+S, NPK and NPK+S was 0.90, 0.48 and 1.40, respectively. These results indicate that the application of chemical fertilizer can not inhibit the consumption of potassium by crops. The straw returning can increase the content of soil available potassium significantly, and improve the balance of soil potassium, which is important to maintain the local soil potassium level.

Key words: straw returning, double cropping rice, yield, potassium balance

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