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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 17-20.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19040024

所属专题: 小麦

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

耕作方式对伊犁河谷旱地农田土壤物理性质和小麦产量的影响

陈传信1, 赛力汗·赛1(), 张永强1, 薛丽华1, 雷钧杰1, 陈兴武1, 刘云霄2, 刘新艳2, 吴伟2, 库勒达那·卡达尔江3   

  1. 1 新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
    2 新源县农业技术推广站,新疆伊犁 835800
    3 托里县农业技术推广站,新疆塔城 834500
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-08 修回日期:2019-06-30 出版日期:2020-03-15 发布日期:2020-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 赛力汗·赛
  • 作者简介:陈传信,男,1988年出生,河南商丘人,研究实习员,硕士研究生,研究方向:粮食作物高产栽培与耕作。通信地址:830091新疆乌鲁木齐沙依巴克区南昌路403号 新疆农业科学院,Tel:17690736595,E-mail:lixp618@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    农业部公益性行业项目"旱地合理耕层构建技术指标研究"(201503116);研究任务"新疆河谷平原栗钙土区旱地合理耕层构建技术指标及集成示范"(201503116-15)

Effects on Soil Physical Properties and Wheat Yield: Tillage Methods in Arid Farmland in Ili River Valley

Chen Chuanxin1, Sailihan Sai1(), Zhang Yongqiang1, Xue Lihua1, Lei Junjie1, Chen Xingwu1, Liu Yunxiao2, Liu Xinyan2, Wu Wei2, Kuledana Kadaerjiang3   

  1. 1 Research Institute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi 830091
    2 Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Xinyuan County, Yili Xinjiang 835800
    3 Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Tory County, Tacheng Xinjiang 834500
  • Received:2019-04-08 Revised:2019-06-30 Online:2020-03-15 Published:2020-03-10
  • Contact: Sai Sailihan

摘要:

为探讨耕作方式对新疆旱地农田土壤物理性质及小麦生长的影响,在免耕、传统耕作和深松3种耕作方式下,通过田间取样和室内烘干称重测得新疆旱地农田土壤容重、孔隙度、土壤含水量、土壤三相比值及小麦产量数据。结果表明:不同耕作方式下土壤容重、孔隙度、含水量、三相比R值和产量表现出一定差异。相比于免耕,传统耕作和深松降低了土壤容重,增加了土壤孔隙度、土壤含水量,改善了土壤三相比例,尤其深松处理土壤容重和孔隙度显著改善。小麦产量以深松处理最高,分别比传统耕作、免耕增加20.71%、24.28%。因此,深松有利于改善土壤结构、改良土壤物理性质,促进小麦产量提高。

关键词: 耕作方式, 深松, 土壤物理性质, 旱地, 产量

Abstract:

The aim is to explore the effects of tillage methods on soil physical properties and wheat growth in arid farmland of Xinjiang. The soil bulk density, porosity, soil water content, soil three-phase ratio and wheat yield were measured by field sampling and laboratory drying weighing under three tillage modes of no-tillage, traditional tillage and subsoiling. The results showed that soil bulk density, porosity, water content, three-phase ratio R and yield showed some differences under different tillage methods. Compared with no-tillage, traditional tillage and subsoiling reduced soil bulk density, increased soil porosity and soil water content, and improved the three-phase ratio of soil. In particular, the subsoiling treatment significantly improved soil bulk density and porosity, and obtained the highest yield of wheat, which increased by 20.71% and 24.28% respectively compared with that of traditional tillage and no-tillage. Therefore, subsoiling is conducive to improving soil structure, soil physical properties and wheat yield.

Key words: tillage, subsoiling, soil physical properties, arid land, yield

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