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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1-8.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0174

所属专题: 水稻

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

水稻籽粒淀粉品质的影响因素及其机制研究进展

吴云飞(), 张勇, 王磊磊, 余徐润, 熊飞()   

  1. 扬州大学生物科学与技术学院,扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-11 修回日期:2020-08-26 出版日期:2021-02-25 发布日期:2021-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 熊飞
  • 作者简介:吴云飞,男,1985年出生,江苏淮安人,讲师,硕士生导师,博士,主要从事作物营养与逆境研究。通信地址:225009 江苏省扬州市文汇路48号 扬州大学生物科学与技术学院,Tel:18652509360,E-mail:006949@yzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金“细胞分裂素调控水稻蔗糖转运的分子机制研究”(BK20190889);江苏省自然科学基金高校面上“OsDOF11通过OsCKX4介导细胞分裂素调控水稻蔗糖转运的分子机制”(19KJB180033)

Starch Quality of Rice Grain: Research Progress on Influencing Factors and Mechanism

Wu Yunfei(), Zhang Yong, Wang Leilei, Yu Xurun, Xiong Fei()   

  1. College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009
  • Received:2020-06-11 Revised:2020-08-26 Online:2021-02-25 Published:2021-02-24
  • Contact: Xiong Fei

摘要:

淀粉作为水稻籽粒的主要贮藏物质,其生物学特性直接决定着稻米的品质。淀粉形成的生理生化过程极为复杂,容易受到内源和外源因素的影响。为了充分了解水稻籽粒淀粉的发育机制,从发育、生理、遗传和分子生物学角度,归纳了水稻淀粉的生物学特性、淀粉形成的生理机制,并总结了关键酶、基因和激素之间的关系,分析了环境因素(如温度、光照、水分、氮素等)对水稻淀粉品质的影响,指出影响水稻淀粉品质的生物学机制研究中存在的不足。本研究为今后深入研究稻米淀粉的合成过程理清思路,并提出了提高稻米淀粉品质可行方法,为水稻避免不良环境因素提供相关知识,同时为作物遗传改良提供参考。

关键词: 水稻, 淀粉品质, 激素, 基因, 环境因子, 生理机制

Abstract:

Starch is the main storage substance of the rice grain and its biological characteristics directly determines starch quality of rice. Starch formation is a very complex physiological and biochemical process, susceptible to a variety of endogenous and exogenous factors. In order to fully understand the mechanism of rice grain starch development from the perspectives of physiology, molecular biology and genetics, the biological characteristics of rice starch and the physiological mechanisms of starch formation were concluded, the relationships between key enzymes, genes and hormones were summarized, and the effects of environmental factors (such as temperature, light, water and nitrogen) on the starch quality of rice were analyzed, and then the limitation in the biological research affecting rice starch quality were pointed out. This study sorted out the thought on rice starch formation for the future research, pointed out the feasible method for improving the starch quality, provided relative reference for avoiding adverse environmental factors, and provided the reference for genetic improvement of crop.

Key words: rice, starch quality, hormone, gene, environmental factors, physiological mechanism

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