Grain Aphid Sitobion miscanthi: Damage on Wheat Yield Components and Its Ecological Control

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0537

Abstract

Abstract:

The grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi), considered as S. avenae (Fab.) in China, is one of the most widely distributed aphid species which needs chemical control annually in northern China at wheat grain filling stage. The spatial-temporal population dynamics of the grain aphid is affected by geographical area, meteorological factors, natural enemies, agricultural practices, biodiversity, and resistance characteristics of wheat varieties to aphid at different growth stages in field. In general years, the dynamics of aphid population develop with the wheat growing and temperature rise in field. The aphid number has sporadic occurrence at the jointing stage of wheat seedling and cluster occurrence at booting stage, increases rapidly after head sprouting, and reaches the peak at mid-late stage of grain filling, and decreases sharply at milking stage. The aphid spatial distribution pattern follows random distribution - contagious distribution - aggregated distribution (mosaic distribution) - uniform distribution - aggregated distribution (mosaic distribution)- disappearance. The wheat grain number is affected weakly by aphids before wheat head sprouting because the population of aphids is very small in field. But the 1000-grain weight is significantly affected by the aphid as its population increases rapidly during grain filling stage in field. In this paper, an ecological control strategy is proposed for grain aphid. We suggest that the dynamic control index of this pest should be established according to the resistance/tolerance characteristics of wheat varieties to aphid during different growth stages. The priority should be given to the biological control before wheat head sprouting, and the dynamic control index should be strict; the chemical control should be carried out after head sprouting, and the dynamic control index could be loosened. The utilization of plant protection UAV combined with artificial intelligence is also suggested to automatically discover the occurrence center of aphid and other pests/diseases, and to spray pesticides precisely on the occurrence center in wheat field simultaneously.

Key words: Sitobion miscanthi, population dynamics, spatial distribution pattern, harm, ecological control

CLC Number:

S435.122+.2

HU Xiangshun, LI Jingwen, PENG Jingfeng, ZHAO Huiyan, LIU Tongxian. Grain Aphid Sitobion miscanthi: Damage on Wheat Yield Components and Its Ecological Control[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(12): 110-118.

Figures/Tables 3

References 117

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