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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (2): 31-37.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17110005

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染； 水稻

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同改良剂对水稻土壤Cd污染的修复研究

赵于莹1, 范稚莲1, 刘永贤2, 黄雁飞2, 莫良玉3, 兰秀2, 农梦玲1, 潘丽萍2, 鹿士杨2, 陈锦平2, 熊柳梅2   

  1. 1.广西大学农学院;2.广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所;3.广西大学
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-02 修回日期:2018-01-08 接受日期:2018-01-24 出版日期:2019-02-13 发布日期:2019-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 范稚莲 E-mail:415881548@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目专题“中轻度镉砷污染稻田土壤钝化-生理阻隔-富集移除技术”(2016YED0800705-01)；广西重点研发计划“稻田镉 铅重金属污染修复技术研究与示范”（桂科AB16380084），“木薯发酵渣富硒高钙有机肥研发与应用”（桂科AB16380164）；广西农业重点科技计划项 目“水稻重金属污染防控技术集成及产品研发”(201528)；南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目“南宁稻田重金属镉超标综合生态修复技术研究与示 范”(20162105)；广西农业科学院科技发展基金“土壤重金属镉钝化剂筛选与改性研究”(2017JM06)。

Remediation of Cadmium Pollution in Paddy Soil with Different Ameliorants

  • Received:2017-11-02 Revised:2018-01-08 Accepted:2018-01-24 Online:2019-02-13 Published:2019-02-13

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摘要： 为探究不同的有机物料作为改良剂的改良效果，将它们施入Cd污染的盆栽水稻土中，研究其土壤中有效态Cd的钝化效果。在盆栽条件下，采用不同的有机物料（煅烧贝壳粉、未煅烧贝壳粉、木薯发酵渣、植物源有机肥）和生石灰、“田师傅”钝化剂为改良材料，在有机物料间进行单施、配施，研究各处理对水稻根系、秸秆和糙米等不同器官中Cd含量影响和土壤Cd化合态的变化。结果表明：与CK组对比，发现施用煅烧贝壳粉1.5%+有机肥1.5%的处理显著提高土壤pH值，提高幅度为17.42%，同时显著降低了糙米Cd含量，降幅为49.04%；煅烧贝壳粉1.5%单施显著降低了秸秆Cd含量，降幅为93.8%；未煅烧贝壳粉1.5%使根系Cd含量显著下降，降幅达54.2%；在降低土壤中有效态Cd含量方面，只有“田师傅”钝化剂效果显著，其他有机物料的效果不显著。煅烧贝壳粉和植物源有机肥提高土壤pH值效果明显；两者配施可提高土壤pH值和降低糙米Cd含量，其效用高于单施处理；单施贝壳粉处理可显著降低秸秆、根系Cd含量，其效用高于配施处理。

关键词: 鲜食玉米, 鲜食玉米, 丝黑穗病, 土传病害, 抗性, 区试, 人工接种

Abstract: To explore the improvement effect of different organic materials used as ameliorant, we added them to the pot paddy soil contaminated by Cd, to study their passivation effect on available Cd in soil. Under pot condition, we used different organic materials (calcined shell powder, shell powder without calcination, fermented cassava dregs, plant- derived organic fertilizer) and lime and“Tianshifu”passivator, to conduct single and combined application, and analyze their effects on Cd content in rice root system, straw and brown rice and the change of soil Cd combining state. The results showed that compared with CK, the pH value of soil treated with calcined shell powder 1.5% + organic fertilizer 1.5% significantly increased by 17.42%. At the same time, Cd content in brown rice decreased significantly by 49.04%. Single application of calcined shell powder 1.5% reduced Cd content of straw significantly by 93.8%, Cd content in roots decreased significantly by 54.2% with the application of shell powder without calcination 1.5%. In reducing the content of available Cd in soil, only“Tianshifu”passivator had significant effect, and the effect of other organic material was not significant. The effect of calcined shell powder and plant-source organic fertilizer on increasing the pH value of soil was obvious; the combination application of the two could improve the pH value of soil and decrease the content of Cd in brown rice, and the effect was better than that of single application; single application of shell powder could significantly reduce the content of Cd in straw and root system, and its effect was better than that of combined application.

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