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中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (12): 244-248.

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

8种作物自动破膜效应研究

唐继军 张静 段叶飞 李丹 张立峰   

  • 收稿日期:2010-12-19 修回日期:2011-01-16 出版日期:2011-05-25 发布日期:2011-05-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划项目;河北省科技支撑计划项目

Study on the Effects of Eight Kinds of Crops Spontaneously Puncture of Plastic-film

  • Received:2010-12-19 Revised:2011-01-16 Online:2011-05-25 Published:2011-05-25

摘要:

通过研究作物在土下覆膜条件下的自发性破膜出土效应,明确不同作物的自动破膜能力及其影响因素,为发展简约化农田地膜覆盖技术提供依据。采用田间试验与统计分析相结合的方法。明确了8种作物的自动破膜能力,其中小麦、玉米的自动破膜能力最强,各处理的相对出苗率都达98%以上;南瓜的自动破膜能力最弱。作物自动破膜效果易受覆盖材料影响,黑色地膜覆盖条件下的相对出苗率显著地高于白色地膜,采用黑色地膜更有利于作物自动破膜。在膜上覆土还能有效提高地膜的抑草效应,且2种地膜对杂草的抑制效果相近。作物自动破膜能有效减少地膜的人为和自然破坏,提高地膜覆盖的效果,是探索地膜应用新方向的有效种植方式。

关键词: 改良技术, 改良技术

Abstract:

By studying on the effect of spontaneously puncture of plastic-film mulching in the condition of the crops under the soil, defining different kinds of crops spontaneously puncture of plastic-film ability and its influencing factors. For the development of the farmland mulching plastic-film concise turn technology provides the basis. Filed experimental in combining with statistical analysis was adopted. Clear the eight kinds of crops spontaneously puncture of plastic-film ability, including wheat, corn spontaneously puncture of plastic-film ability was the best, the treatment of relative germination rate could reach more than 98%. Pumpkin spontaneously puncture of plastic-film ability was the weakest. The effect of spontaneously puncture of plastic-film mulching was susceptible to the cover material. The condition of black plastic-film mulching relative germination rate was significantly higher than the white plastic, using black mulch was more advantageous to crop spontaneously puncture of plastic-film. In the membrane of overlying soil could effectively enhance the mulch and the suppression of weeds effect, two films on weed inhibitory effect was similar. Crop spontaneously puncture of plastic-film could effectively reduce the plastic sheeting's man-caused and natural damage, improving the effect of plastic-film mulching, it was to explore the effective application of new direction plantation.