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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (22): 263-267.

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄瓜内生Ch1001菌株种子处理防治根结线虫的施用剂量研究

鄢小宁 贺春萍 杨艳 郑经武   

  • 收稿日期:2011-03-09 修回日期:2011-05-20 出版日期:2011-09-05 发布日期:2011-09-05
  • 基金资助:

    海南省热带农业有害生物检测监控重点实验室开放基金；农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项

Optimization of Seed Treatment Dose of the Cucumber Endophytic Chaetomium Ch1001 Strain for Biological Control of Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita

  • Received:2011-03-09 Revised:2011-05-20 Online:2011-09-05 Published:2011-09-05

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摘要：

内生毛壳菌Ch1001菌株种子处理对黄瓜幼苗上发生的根结线虫有防效。为培育壮苗并达到理想的防效，合适的施用剂量是实际应用所需的一个重要参数。笔者在黄瓜播种时分别用1×103、1×104、1×105、1×106、1×107、1×108个孢子/种子的剂量处理种子，测定幼苗的根系活力、抗性相关酶活力以及每克根中侵入的线虫数。结果表明，1×105个孢子/种子及其以下剂量Ch1001处理对根系活力没有影响，1×106和1×107个孢子/种子处理使幼苗苗根系的活力显著增强，1×108个孢子/种子处理根系活力急剧降低。Ch1001不能诱导PAL和几丁质酶活性增强。在1×105、1×106、1×107个孢子/种子处理时POD和CAT活性显著增强，Ch1001诱导了与活性氧代谢途径相关的植株抗性。对根结线虫控制效果的统计表明，Ch1001的处理剂量与线虫防效呈正相关，1×104、1×105、1×106和1×107个孢子/种子剂量处理均能显著降低根结线虫的入侵，处理剂量为1×106和1×107个孢子/种子时菌株防效达到理想，每克根中入侵线虫总数相比对照分别减少了45.3%和57.0%。综上考虑，认为1×107个孢子/种子处理时幼苗根系活力强，防御酶活性高，根结线虫入侵最低，是菌株使用的最佳剂量。

关键词: 科普教育, 科普教育

Abstract:

The cucumber endophytic Chaetomium strain Ch1001 has shown its ability to suppress root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, when applied as seed treatment. However, its optimum application dose, which is an important parameter for practical use in order to obtain robust seedlings as well satisfied nematode control efficacy has not been determined. In this paper, the root viability, defense related enzymes activity as well root knot nematode control efficacy were tested after cucumber seeds were inoculated with Ch1001 at 1×103, 1×104, 1×105, 1×106, 1×107, 1×108ascospores/seed respectively at sowing. Results indicated that root viability was not influenced by Ch1001 when the inoculum dose was at or lower than 1×105 ascospores/seed, but increased significantly at the inoculum dose of 1×106 and1×107 ascospores/seed， and decreased dramatically at 1×108 ascospores/seed. PAL and chitinase activity did not enhance after Ch1001 treatment， POD and CAT activity significantly increased at 1×105, 1×106 and 1×107 ascospores/seed，indicating that Ch1001 induced resistance related to active oxygen metabolism. The root knot nematode M. incognita control efficacy was positively correlated to seed treatment dose, the galls formation was significantly inhibited at 1×104, 1×105, 1×106 and 1×107 ascospores/seed treatment, the satisfied inhibition reached at 1×106 and 1×107 ascopores/seed treatment, which were 45.3% and 57.0% respectively. Based on the above results, the dose at 1×107 ascospores/seed was optimum for practical use because of the enhanced root viability, defense related enzymes activity as well as the lowest nematode invasion.