欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (28): 250-254.

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机种植中施肥量对番茄产量、品质和氮素利用的影响

楼安 王平 许俊香 李吉进 刘本生 孙钦平 高利娟   

  • 收稿日期:2012-04-13 修回日期:2012-06-14 出版日期:2012-10-05 发布日期:2012-10-05
  • 基金资助:

    北京市农林科学院科技创新能力专项“循环农业科技示范基地完善与提升”;农业部行业专项“黄淮海面源污染监测与氮磷化肥投入阈值研究”

Effect of Different Organic Fertilizer Application Levels on Yield, Quality and Nitrogen Utilization of Tomatoes in Organic Cultivation

  • Received:2012-04-13 Revised:2012-06-14 Online:2012-10-05 Published:2012-10-05

PDF (PC)

765

摘要：

为了提高有机种植中蔬菜的肥料施用管理水平，利用田间试验，研究了4个不同有机肥施用水平(JF0、JF1、JF2、JF3)对北京郊区设施番茄产量、品质和氮素利用的影响。结果表明，各施肥处理前期生长指标包括株高和叶绿素含量均没有显著差异；JF1与JF2处理的产量显著高于对照和JF3处理，增幅为6.0%~6.9%；3个施肥处理氮肥利用率分别是4.39%、1.55%、0.33%，氮肥农学效率分别是9.52 kg/kg、4.49 kg/kg、-0.19 kg/kg；JF1处理下氮素在果实的分配比例显著高于其他处理；各施肥处理果实品质（Vc、可溶性糖、硝酸盐和总酸度）与对照相比，没有大幅度增加或降低，不同采收期如盛果期与初果期相比果实品质有所改善，其中Vc增幅49.3%~70.8%，硝酸盐降幅64.3%~78.6%，可溶性糖增幅36.5%~46.0%，总酸度增幅35.1%~68.3%。因此，结合当地土壤条件，低量施肥即52.5 t/hm2时，番茄能获得较高产量并且提高氮肥利用率。

关键词: 酶联免疫吸附试验, 酶联免疫吸附试验

Abstract:

Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different 4 organic fertilization rate on yield, quality and nitrogen utilization of tomato in the Bejing suburb. The 4 treatments were JF0, JF1, JF2 and JF3 with the chicken manure application rate being 0, 52.5, 105, 210 kg/hm2 respectively. Results showed that there was no significant difference on plant height and chlorophyll contrast with 4 treatments. The yield of JF1 and JF2 treatments were significantly increased by 6.0%-6.9% compared with JF0 and JF4 treatments; The nitrogen use efficiency of JF1, JF2 and JF3 were 4.39%, 1.55% and 0.33% respectively, and the nitrogen agronomic efficiency were 9.52 kg/kg, 4.49 kg/kg and -0.19 kg/kg correspondingly. Nitrogen distribution proportion in fruit of JF1 was significantly higher than other fertilizer treatments. The content of Vc, soluble sugar and total acidity of early fruits were increased by 49.3%-70.8%, 36.5%-46.0% and 35.1%-68.3% compared with full fruits, while the content of nitrate was decreased by 64.3%-78.6% correspondingly. Therefore, low fertilization with 52.5 t/hm2 can not only get high yield, but also improve nitrogen use efficiency.

中图分类号: