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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 132-137.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-2178

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

添加含钙化合物对茶园土壤pH及有效氟的影响

张永利 廖万有 王烨军 孙力 苏有健   

  • 收稿日期:2012-06-12 修回日期:2012-08-03 出版日期:2013-01-05 发布日期:2013-01-05

Influence of Addition of Calcium Compounds on pH and Available Fluoride Content in Tea Garden Soil

  • Received:2012-06-12 Revised:2012-08-03 Online:2013-01-05 Published:2013-01-05

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摘要： 鉴于长期饮用高氟茶可引起饮茶型氟中毒，拟通过探明茶园土壤有效氟的调控机制，为治理土壤氟污染并降低茶叶中氟含量提供理论依据。以湖南某茶园0~20 cm和20~40 cm土壤为对象，通过室内模拟培养，研究不同形态和添加量的钙离子对土壤pH和有效氟含量的影响。结果表明，添加200~400 mg/kg Ca2+[Ca(NO3)2]和100~1000 mg/kg Ca2+[CaCl2]后2层土壤pH由4.0降至3.5~3.7，土壤水溶态氟含量明显增加；添加60~1400 mg/kg Ca2+[Ca(OH)2]时，随Ca(OH)2添加量的增加，2层土壤pH分别升至5.13、5.23，土壤水溶态氟含量呈现先增加再降低最后增加的趋势；添加3种形态含钙化合物均降低土壤交换态氟含量。当土壤pH在3.5~6.0间变化时，以pH 5.0为拐点，土壤pH降低或升高水溶态氟含量均增加，土壤酸化时尤甚。因此，可在酸性土壤上施用白云石粉、Ca(OH)2，在偏碱性土壤上施用Ca(NO3)2、CaCl2，调整土壤pH至5.0左右，以有效降低茶园土壤有效氟含量。

关键词: 陆地棉, 陆地棉

Abstract: Long-term consumption of high-fluoride tea probably causes drinking tea fluorosis. This article ascertained the regulation mechanism of available fluoride content in tea garden soil, to provide theory of controlling soil fluoride pollution and reducing fluoride content of tea leaves. Laboratory incubation tests were conducted, using 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layers soils from two tea gardens of Hunan Province as experiment materials, to study the influence of different forms and addition amount of calcium ion on soil pH and available fluoride content. The results showed that soil pH value fell to 3.5 from 4.0-3.7 and soil water soluble fluoride content increased obviously when the addition amount of Ca(NO3)2 and CaCl2 was increased. With the increase of addition amount of Ca(OH)2, the soil pH value change ranged from 4.0 to 5.2, soil water soluble fluorine content was decreased obviously at first, then increased. Soil exchangeable fluoride content was decreased when applied all the three forms of calcium ion into soil. In this experiment the range of soil pH was 3.5-6.0, water soluble fluoride content was increased when the soil pH was below or above 5.0, especially when soil pH was below 4.0. Therefore, applying proper amount of dolomite powder, Ca(OH)2 to acidified soil or applying CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2 and aluminum salt to alkaline soil to adjust soil pH to about 5.0, can effectively reduce the available fluorine content in tea garden soil.