Abstract: Dry seeds of pepper were treated with HNO2 (0.05mol/L) in different treatment time, the physiological data relevant pepper germinating and seedling growing were determined. These data were analyzed and valued by the principal component analysis method. Result showed that the data were gathered up 3 principal components, that is the factor of seeds vigor and germinating ability; the factor of maintaining stability of cell membrane structure function; the factor of life vigor namely matter produce ability. The additive contributing rate of the first three principal components amounts to 86.5785%, can basically reflect mostly information of the effect of HNO2 treatments on pepper germinating and seedling growing.