Abstract: The pathogen causing root rot of Dioscorea opposita is one kind of nematode, Pratylenchus dioscoreae Yang & Zhao. The hosts, annual life history, infection site, infection period, and population dynamics and survival period were examined and clarified in this research. It was found that the disease was spread by seedlings, soil and manure. The economical and effective integrated control strategies were put forward through selecting the non-diseased multiplication material, crops rotation, removal of diseased remains, fungicide soaking and soil treatment.