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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 52-57.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17120016

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同穴盘孔径对蔬菜幼苗壮苗指数、光合电子传递和根系生长的影响

周加翔   

  1. 浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院农研152班
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-04 修回日期:2018-01-17 接受日期:2018-01-25 出版日期:2019-04-03 发布日期:2019-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 周加翔
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省重大科技专项重点农业项目“农用育苗基质全程质量控制体系研究及产业化应用”(2014C02009)。

Effects of Cell Volumes of Trays on Seedling Index, Leaf Photosynthic Electron Transport and Root Growth of Vegetable Seedlings

  • Received:2017-12-04 Revised:2018-01-17 Accepted:2018-01-25 Online:2019-04-03 Published:2019-04-03

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摘要： 探究穴盘孔径对蔬菜幼苗生长机制的影响，为工厂化育苗穴盘孔径选择提供理论依据。研究4种孔径规格（32、50、72、105 孔，其容积分别为110、55、40、32 cm3）对番茄、黄瓜和青花菜幼苗生长的影响。结果表明，105 孔穴盘中蔬菜幼苗生长受到抑制，壮苗指数显著下降，与32 孔穴盘相比，番茄、黄瓜和青花菜分别降低了67.45%、42.20%和68.22%，其中32、50、72 孔穴盘中番茄和黄瓜的壮苗指数无明显差异，青花菜在32 孔穴盘的壮苗指数明显高于50、72 孔穴盘(P<0.05)。蔬菜幼苗的实际光合效率ΦPSII随穴盘孔径增加呈下降趋势，在105 孔径下显著降低(P<0.05)，在32、50、72 孔穴盘中无显著差异。ΦPSII降低主要是由于光化学猝灭系数qP的降低。105 孔径穴盘抑制了3 种蔬菜的根系生长，番茄、黄瓜和青花菜地下部干重显著降低，与32 孔穴盘相比分别下降了65.21%、57.69%和76.03%，根系总体积分别降低了51.24%、27.86%和70.30%，根尖数目分别减少了67.40%、29.23%和67.87%。这些结果表明，105 孔穴盘限制了番茄、黄瓜和青花菜根系发育，降低了叶片光合电子传递速率，导致了蔬菜的生物量和壮苗指数降低，因此不适宜于番茄、黄瓜和青花菜的工厂化育苗。50、72 孔穴盘几乎没有明显影响，结合经济成本与生产效率考虑，均可作为适宜的育苗孔径。

Abstract: The paper aims to research the effects of different cell volumes of trays on tomato, cucumber and broccoli. We investigated the effects of four types of trays (32- cell, 50- cell, 72- cell and 105- cell with volumes of 110, 55, 40 and 32 cm3, respectively) on the seedling index, leaf photosynthesis and root growth in tomato, cucumber and broccoli seedlings. The results showed that the seedling index was decreased in 105- cell trays for all the three kinds of vegetables. Compared with seedlings grown in 32-cell trays, the seedling index in 105-cell trays was decreased by 67.45%, 42.20% and 68.22% in tomato, cucumber and broccoli, respectively. However, the seedling index of tomato plants grown in 32-cell, 50-cell and 72-cell trays had no significant difference and so did the seedling index of cucumber plants. The seedling index of broccoli was significantly higher in 32-cell trays compared with that in 50-cell and 72-cell trays (P<0.05). In comparison with plants in 32- cell trays, the actual photosynthetic efficiency (ΦPSII) of vegetable seedlings decreased significantly in 105- cell trays (P<0.05), which was due to the reduce of qP. Interestingly, there were no significant differences in ΦPSII among vegetable plants grown in 32-cell, 50-cell and 72-cell trays. Compared with plants grown in 32-cell trays, the root dry mass of tomato, cucumber and broccoli grown in 105-cell trays was decreased by 65.21%, 57.69% and 76.03%, respectively. Meanwhile, the total root volume was decreased by 51.24%, 27.86% and 70.30%, respectively, and the number of apical was decreased by 67.40%, 29.23% and 67.87%, respectively. These results indicate that the 105-cell tray limits the root growth, reduces the leaf photosynthetic electron transport rate, and thus decreases the crop biomass and seedling index. Fortunately, the above results are not found in 50-cell and 72-cell trays, which are suitable for industrialized cultivation.