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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 166-169.

所属专题： 小麦

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期定位施肥对小麦产量及构成因素的影响

张水清1,黄绍敏1,郭斗斗1,胡传中2   

  • 收稿日期:2009-09-14 修回日期:2009-10-14 出版日期:2010-02-20 发布日期:2010-02-20
  • 基金资助:

    国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目沃土工程项目;国家科技基础条件平台建设项目;河南省重大公益性科研项目

Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Grain Yields and Component Factors

  • Received:2009-09-14 Revised:2009-10-14 Online:2010-02-20 Published:2010-02-20

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摘要：

以豫麦13、郑太育1号、临汾7203、郑州941、豫麦47、郑州8998、郑麦9023、郑麦9694、郑麦9962 等9个小麦品种为试验材料, 通过17年6个不同施肥方式的长期定位试验, 研究了不同施肥处理对小麦产量及构成因素的影响。结果表明：(1)N素和P素是限制小麦产量和生长的两个重要因素。K素不是限制小麦生长及产量的主要因素。(2)NPK和NP处理的产量、穗数、穗粒数都要极显著高于其他处理，而千粒重则为PK处理最高。（3）NPK处理不但高产，而且产量较稳定。从产量的稳定性上来说，NPK>PK>NP>CK>N>NK。（4）NPK和NP处理的产量与穗数和千粒重达到极显著正相关，而与穗粒数相关不显著。NK和N处理的产量与三个构成因素都成显著正相关。CK和PK处理的产量只与穗粒数成显著正相关。

关键词: 小麦条锈病, 小麦条锈病, 内外菌源, 原理和效应

Abstract:

Zhengzhou 450002 ;Agricultural Technique and Popularization Center in Huangchuan, Henan Xinyang 465150) Abstract:17-year-long-term fertilization experiments with 9 w heat varieties (Yumai 13, Zhengtaiyu1, Linfen 7203, Zhengzhou 941, Yumai 47, Zhengzhou 8998, Zhengmai 9023，Zhengmai 9694,Zheangmai9962) in Fluvo-aquic soil were conducted in research farm in Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The effects of different fertilzatiaon treatments on grain yield and yield components were studied. The results showed follows:（1）N and P were two crucial limited factors to grain yields and growth of wheat, however, K was not. (2)The grain yields,ears and Grains (per ear) of NP and NPK treatments were better than the other treatments significantly. (3)For the stability of grain yield, NPK>PK>NP>CK>N>NK. (4) Grain yields of NPK and NP treatments were positively related to number of ears and 1000-grain weight. Grain yields of NK and N treatments were positively related to all the three component factors. Grain yields of CK and PK treatments were only positively related to grains.