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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (16): 208-214.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-3835

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

剪秋罗种子催芽及秋水仙碱诱导多倍体研究

肖宁 李旦 武永明 曹芹 夏昶 张金凤   

  • 收稿日期:2011-12-20 修回日期:2012-02-11 出版日期:2012-06-05 发布日期:2012-06-05
  • 基金资助:

    国家林业局林业公益性行业专项;北京市园林绿化局花卉产业处“草花多倍体新品种培育”课题;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助

Seeds Germination and Polyploid Induction by the Colchicine of Lychnis fulgens Fisch.

  • Received:2011-12-20 Revised:2012-02-11 Online:2012-06-05 Published:2012-06-05

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摘要：

为了解决剪秋罗种子发芽率不高的问题，以剪秋罗种子为试验材料，比较种子新旧、播种基质以及不同浓度赤霉素(GA3)对剪秋罗种子发芽势和发芽率的影响，并在此基础上利用不同浓度秋水仙碱和不同时间处理剪秋罗萌动种子诱导多倍体。通过形态鉴定、气孔鉴定以及细胞学鉴定变异植株。结果表明：存放1年的剪秋罗种子发芽指标均优于当年新种子，当年种子可能具有初生休眠特性。以150 mg/L的GA3预处理存放1年的剪秋罗种子24 h并播种于培养皿中能获得最高的发芽势(76.33%)和最高的发芽率(85.33%)。经过秋水仙碱处理的种子普遍存活率低，但每个处理浓度下都获得了变异植株，秋水仙碱浓度0.1%为筛选出的最适诱导浓度。变异植株表现出了与对照植株在形态上、气孔分析上和细胞学检测上的差异。经鉴定，初选出1株多倍体。研究为培育剪秋罗多倍体新品种探索出了一条新的育种途径。

关键词: 抑菌性, 抑菌性

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of low germination rate in Lychnis fulgens seeds, influence on germinative force and germination rate in seed of Lychnis fulgens between stored and new seeds, different planting substrate and different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) pretreatment were compared. The result showed one year of stored seeds were better than when new seeds on seed indicators, then the seed may have a newborn sleep characteristics. Using 150 mg/L of GA3 pretreated the stored seeds for 24 h sown in petri dishes can get the highest germinative force of 76.33% and the highest germination rate of 85.33%. Germinated seeds were treated by different concentration of colchicine (0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20%) and different treating time (12h, 24h, 36h, 48h) to induce polyploidy. And morphologic, stoma and cytologic comparison between treated plants and CK were studied. The survival rate was generally low after colchicine treatment. Variative plants were obtained under each colchicine concentration and concentration of 0.10% was the optimal induction concentration with the higher mutagenic rate and lower death rate. Varieties plants showed differences on morphologic, stoma and cytological analysis to control plants. One polyploidy was obtained after identification. This study opened up a new way for breeding new cultivar of Lychnis fulgens.