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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 145-149.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-2100

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

朝鲜白头翁小孢子发育时期与花器形态的相关性研究

全雪丽 裴晓玲 吕惠子 吴松权   

  • 收稿日期:2012-06-04 修回日期:2012-07-24 出版日期:2013-01-05 发布日期:2013-01-05
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省中医药管理局中医药科技项目 “长白山区白头翁资源调查与分子鉴定研究” (08sys-101)。

The Study on Correlation Between Cytological Development Period of Pulsatilla cernua Microspore and the Morphology of Floral Organ

  • Received:2012-06-04 Revised:2012-07-24 Online:2013-01-05 Published:2013-01-05

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摘要： 为了寻找朝鲜白头翁小孢子发育时期的鉴定方法以及探讨小孢子发育时期与花器形态的相关性，采用常规石蜡切片法，对朝鲜白头翁小孢子发育时期的细胞学以及小孢子不同发育时期与花蕾大小的关系进行了研究。结果表明：朝鲜白头翁每个花药具4个花粉囊，小孢子母细胞减数分裂属同时型，小孢子在四分体中的排列属四面体型。成熟花粉粒属2-细胞型，并有3个萌发沟。花粉囊壁由4层细胞构成，即表皮（1层）、药室内壁（1层）、中层（1~2层）、绒毡层（1层）。绒毡层发育属腺质型（或分泌型），出现多核现象。朝鲜白头翁小孢子发育时期与花蕾的外部形态特征、花药颜色有一定的相关性。小孢子处于单核期时花蕾长度在1.10~1.20 cm，花萼外侧颜色为紫红色，花药的颜色为黄色，花丝的长度为0.4~0.5 cm。朝鲜白头翁同一花蕾不同花药小孢子的发育存在一定程度的渐续性。

关键词: 农村信息服务, 农村信息服务

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to find an identification method of the developmental Pulsatilla cernua and discuss the relevance between the developmental period of Pulsatilla cernua microspore and the morphology of flower organ. So the paraffin section solutions were selected for use in investigating the developmental Pulsatilla cernua and the relevance between the microspore development and the bud size had been studied. The results showed that in Pulsatilla cernua, each anther had four pollen sacs, the microspore mother cells belonged to the simultaneous type of meiosis, and microspore tetrads were tetrahedral. The mature pollens belonged to the two-cell type with three germination aperture. The pollen sac wall was composed of four 1ayers, epidermis, endothelium, middle layer, and tapetum. The tapetum belonged to glanduar tapetum type with multinucleate phenomenon. Microspore development also has correlativity with the morphological characteristics of buds and the color of anthers. The buds 1.10-1.20 cm in length, the filaments 0.4-0.5 cm in length, with purple calyx and yellow anther were discovered to contain microspores at the late-uninucleate. Microspore development of the same bud in Pulsatilla cernua showed continuity.