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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 52-58.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-2245

• 农村产业结构与区域经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于DEA模型的国家重点龙头企业生产效率分析

张宇 王丽明 王玉斌   

  • 收稿日期:2012-06-18 修回日期:2012-07-05 出版日期:2013-01-15 发布日期:2013-01-15
  • 基金资助:
    农业部 2012年农业产业化课题研究项目 “全国农业产业化发展情况统计调查” (201282)。

Production Efficiency Analysis of the National Leading Enterprises Based on DEA Model

  • Received:2012-06-18 Revised:2012-07-05 Online:2013-01-15 Published:2013-01-15

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摘要： 龙头企业是农业产业化经营的关键主体，对其生产效率进行量化评价，有利于帮助人们分析企业、行业间的差距，充分挖掘企业潜力。采用数据包络分析法，对中国40家以种植类农产品为原料，从事深加工龙头企业2011年生产效率进行实证分析。结果表明：国家重点龙头企业的生产率较高，呈现良好的发展态势；从种植业子类角度看，企业综合效率差异性显著，经济作物类和酒油类企业综合效率较高，果蔬、粮食类等初级加工企业综合效率较低，良种类企业最低；龙头企业资产、劳动力、成本和土地4项投入要素均存在冗余，资产冗余度最高。通过科技创新提高资源利用率、实施品牌战略、发挥规模效益是龙头企业今后发展的方向。

关键词: 趋光指数, 趋光指数

Abstract: Leading enterprise was the key body of agricultural industrialization. Evaluating efficiency of agricultural production was good for people to analyze the gap among enterprises and different industries, to tap the full potential. Based on the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method, the author analyzed the production efficiency of 40 leading enterprises in our country empirically, which used planting agricultural products as raw material for further processing. Research showed that: all national leading enterprises displayed high productivity and presented good development tendency; but from the planting industry subclasses, the comprehensive efficiency of enterprises showed significant differences, economic crops and wine/oil enterprises enjoyed higher efficiency, the enterprises of processing primary fruits and vegetable showed lower efficiency, seed enterprise was the lowest. All the leading enterprise’s input elements, such as assets, labor, cost and land exist slack. The slack of assets was highest. The future development direction of leading enterprise was that raising the resource utilization rate through science and technology innovation, and the implementation of brand strategy and playing the role of scale benefits.