The Improvement of the Na2SO4 Saline Soil fertility with Oat and Desulfurization Gypsum in Hetao Inner Mongolia内蒙古河套地区土壤盐渍化格外严重,盐渍化土壤改良是农业生产及生态环境建设面临的主要问题。生物与化学技术结合是盐渍化土壤改良发展方向之一,为了探讨燕麦和施用脱硫石膏结合对本地区盐渍化土壤肥力的影响,采用田间试验方法,设置种植燕麦和施用脱硫石膏(30 t/hm2)2个处理,在春季灌溉洗盐后采取土壤样品,在燕麦收获期采取植物和土壤样品,测定植物生物量和NPK含量,以及土壤pH、EC、盐分离子含量,有机质、全氮、有效氮磷钾等指标。结果表明:春季灌溉洗盐,能够大幅度降低土体各层土壤pH、EC和盐分离子含量,尤其是表层土壤降低的幅度更大,pH和EC分别降低了14%~17%和7%~69%,主要盐分离子Na+和SO42-分别降低了80%和39%,施用脱硫石膏对灌溉洗盐没有显著的影响。施用脱硫石膏对燕麦生长表现出一定的促进作用,但对其NPK营养有负面的影响。种植燕麦显著地降低了土壤盐分含量,但对土壤养分的影响比较小;同时施用脱硫石膏,对降低盐分没有显著的作用,但可提高有机质、有效氮磷钾含量,表现出一定的交互作用效应。
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