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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (22): 135-139.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0368

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

苹果三维树冠水分利用效率动态模拟

高照全 吴晓云 陈长景 孙敬国   

  • 收稿日期:2014-02-18 修回日期:2014-04-14 出版日期:2014-08-05 发布日期:2014-08-05
  • 基金资助:
    北京市职业院校教师素质提高工程·专业带头人培养和北京农业职业学院中青年骨干教师培养和院级项目(XY-YF-13-02)。

The Dynamic Simulation of Water Use Efficiency in Apple Tree Canopy

  • Received:2014-02-18 Revised:2014-04-14 Online:2014-08-05 Published:2014-08-05

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摘要： 通过构建三维树冠净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)的耦合模型，可模拟出树冠内叶片瞬时水分利用效率(WUEI)的三维分布。根据2011–2012年27年生开心形苹果树 (Malus domestica Borkh. cv.)试验数据拟合模型参数，进而确定树冠内三维Pn和Tr分布。数值模拟结果显示，WUEI随CO2浓度和湿度的增加而迅速增加，随温度和叶水势的增大而减少；当光合有效辐射低于光饱和点时WUEI随PAR的增加而增加，超过光饱和点后WUEI变化不显著。在一天当中苹果冠层WUEI整体呈双峰曲线，多云时WUEI最高，晴天的WUEI比阴天高42%，约为2.98 mmol?mol-1。结果表明，该耦合模型能模拟出不同小气候条件和叶片水势下苹果三维树冠WUEI的维分布和动态变化。

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Abstract: A coupled model of photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) was developed to simulate the three-dimensional distribution of leaf instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEI) in apple canopy. For convenience, WUEI was expressed as the ratio of net Pn to Tr. The experiment was conducted in a ‘Fuji’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. ‘Fuji’) orchard during the 2011~2012 growing seasons. The simulation was shown that WUEI increased rapidly with increasing CO2 concentration and relative humidity (RH); but decreased with increasing temperature and leaf water potential (Ψl). The diurnal course of WUEI in the canopy showed a double-peak curve on clear day. The average WUEI on clear days was 2.98 mmol?mol-1 which was about 42% higher than cloudy days. The study indicated that the sensitivity of WUEI to microclimatic factors and Ψl can be systemically assessed by the coupled model.