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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (31): 76-81.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1368

所属专题： 烟草种植与生产

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

福建南平不同植烟土壤微生物数量与养分状况分析

杨秋明,陈钦,彭俊林,李利君,张书泰   

  1. 集美大学,集美大学,集美大学,集美大学,福建省烟草公司
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-13 修回日期:2014-05-13 接受日期:2014-09-05 出版日期:2014-11-20 发布日期:2014-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 张书泰
  • 基金资助:
    福建省烟草公司科技项目 “福建植烟土壤微生物群落结构及烟草根际生态效应研究” (2012049)。

Analysis of Nutrient Level and Microorganism Amounts of Tobacco Field in Nanping, Fujian

  • Received:2014-05-13 Revised:2014-05-13 Accepted:2014-09-05 Online:2014-11-20 Published:2014-11-20

摘要： 为探究福建省南平地区不同质地土壤中微生物数量与土壤养分状况，对南平地区不同质地植烟土壤pH、土壤养分含量（有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾）和土壤微生物数量（细菌、真菌、放线菌、解磷菌、解钾菌、纤维素分解菌）进行测定。实验结果：供试南平地区不同质地植烟土壤pH均偏酸（pH均小于5.5），不同质地土壤中粘土的有机质、全氮、碱解氮含量最多，其次是壤土和砂土。植烟土壤中微生物以细菌为主，其次是放线菌和真菌。对不同质地土壤养分与微生物数量相关性分析，得出南平地区土壤样品中细菌与全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾相关性较高；真菌与全钾、全磷、速效磷呈负相关，与有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾呈正相关，与全钾显著相关；放线菌与速效磷显著相关；解磷菌与土壤多种养分呈正相关，但相关系数不高；钾细菌与速效磷显著相关，与全磷含量极显著相关；纤维素分解菌与碱解氮相关性最高，与速效钾、全磷、速效磷呈负相关。这些相关性分析表明，南平地区不同质地植烟土壤微生物数量与土壤养分含量虽呈一定的相关性，但相关系数不高，说明该地区的气候条件、施肥方式，特别是水稻—烟草的轮作方式也是影响微生物的数量和种类的重要因素。本研究是对南平地区植烟土壤信息的必要补充，也为今后如何合理利用菌肥，有目的地地开发南平地区植烟土壤的功能菌提供了实验基础和理论依据。

关键词: 效益分析, 效益分析

Abstract: The soil pH value, nutrient level and microorganism amounts of tobacco field in Nanping, Fujian were analyzed. The results showed that the pH value of representative soil samples was less than 5.5, the concentration of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali- hydrolyzale nitrogen were the highest in clay. The amounts of bacteria were higher than fungi and actinomyces. The correlation between bacteria and total phosphorous, available phosphorous, total potassium and available phosphorous were close; the fungi had negative correlation with total phosphorous, available phosphorous and total potassium, and had positive correlation with organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali- hydrolyzale nitrogen and available potassium; actinomyces had significant correlation with available phosphorous; phosphate- solubilizing bacteria had positive correlation with soil nutrient; potassium-solubilizing bacteria had significant correlation with available phosphorus and had extremely correlation with total phosphorous; the cellulose-utilizing bacteria was highly related to alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen. The correlation between nutrient and microbes amounts in Nanping soil samples was not as strong as some other studies, which suggested that the weather condition, fertilization methods, especially the tobacco-rice crop rotation should be also important factors related to microbes growing. This study supplied more information about Nanping soil and also contributed to the better use of the microbiological fertilizer.