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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (30): 89-94.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1393

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

播种深度对高粱出苗和幼苗生长的影响

高海燕,程庆军,田承华,高鹏,张俊珍,郭睿,乔婧,张福耀   

  1. 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所,山西省农业科学院高粱研究所,山西省农业科学院高粱研究所,山西省农科院高粱研究所,山西省农科院高粱研究所,山西省农科院高粱研究所,山西省农业科学院高粱研究所,山西省农科院高粱研究所
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-14 修回日期:2014-05-14 接受日期:2014-06-23 出版日期:2014-10-31 发布日期:2014-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 高海燕
  • 基金资助:
    高粱产业技术体系建设“国家高粱产业化技术体系建设”(nycytx-12)；院育种工程“中矮秆粒用高粱及抗倒甜高粱新品种选育” (11yzgc023)

Effects of Sowing Depth on Sorghum Seedling Emergence and Growth

  • Received:2014-05-14 Revised:2014-05-14 Accepted:2014-06-23 Online:2014-10-31 Published:2014-10-31

摘要： 为了明确高粱的适宜播种深度，观察不同高粱品种对不同播种深度的耐深播差异，研究了8 种播种深度对3 个高粱品种出苗和幼苗生长的影响，出苗时记载不同播种深度下高粱的出苗速度和出苗率，出苗结束后，调查其地上部分幼苗生长量、胚轴长度和种子根长度。结果表明：随着覆土厚度的增加幼苗出苗速度明显减慢。在播深3 cm、5 cm和7 cm处理下，各品种从播种至出苗需要5 天，在播深8 cm、10 cm、12 cm 和13 cm 处理下，需要5~7 天，在播深17 cm 处理下为7~11 天。在播深12 cm、13 cm 和17 cm处理下‘晋中0822’较其他2 个品种从播种至出苗所需时间早2~4 天。不同播深处理下高粱完成出苗所需要时间也不尽相同。在播深3 cm、5 cm和7 cm处理下，各品种完成出苗所需时间为9 天，在播深8 cm、10 cm、12 cm和13 cm处理下，需要9~13 天，在播深17 cm处理下需13 天。品种‘晋中0822’在播深8 cm、10 cm、12 cm和13 cm处理下9 天完成出苗，较其他2 个品种早。播种深度对3 个高粱品种的出苗率亦有显著影响。随着播种深度的增加，3 个高粱品种的平均出苗率不断降低。3 cm和5 cm为高粱最适播种深度。在播深3 cm、5 cm、7 cm、8c m、10cm和12 cm处理下品种‘晋中0822’出苗率显著高于其他品种。此外，播种深度对幼苗的生长发育也有显著影响。随着播种深度增加，3 个高粱品种的地上部分幼苗生长量和种根长显著降低，而胚轴长度显著增加。在3cm和5 cm播深处理下幼苗生长量、种根长和胚轴长与其他各处理差异显著。在播深7 cm、8 cm、10 cm、12 cm、13 cm和17 cm处理下‘晋中0822’品种各指标与其他品种差异显著。

关键词: 结构差异, 结构差异

Abstract: In order to determine optimum sowing depth for sorghum and observe deep sowing tolerant difference for different sorghum hybrids, effects of 8 different sowing depths on seedling emergence and growth of 3 different sorghum hybrids were studied in the paper. Seedling emergence time and emergence rate of different sorghum hybrids were recorded, and above ground seedling lengths, hypocotyl lengths and radicle lengths were tested as seedling emergence was finished. It was showed that sowing depths had significant effects on sorghum seedling emergence from sowing. Seedling emergence rate decreased with the increasing of sowing depths. It was needed for 5 days, 5-7 days and 7-11 days that seedling emerged from sowing in 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, and 8 cm, 10 cm, 12 cm, 13 cm and 17 cm sowing depths respectively.‘Jinzhong 0822’emerged 2- 4 days earlier than other two hybrids in 12 cm, 13 cm and 17 cm. Seedling emergence finish time was also different in different sowing depths. It was needed for 9 days, 9-13 days and 13 days that seedling emerged in 3 cm, 5 cm, 7cm, and 8 cm, 10 cm, 12 cm, 13 cm and 17 cm sowing depths respectively.‘Jinzhong 0822’ finished emergence for 9 days, which was earlier than other two hybrids in 8 cm, 10 cm, 12 cm and 13 cm. Final average emergence rates of 3 sorghum hybrids were infected by sowing depths significantly. Average emergence rates decreased with the increasing of sowing depths. 3 cm and 5 cm sowing depths were optimum for sorghum. Emergence rate of‘Jinzhong 0822’was significantly higher than other two varieties in 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm and 12 cm. Seedling growth was also infected significantly by sowing depth. Above ground seedling lengths and radicle lengths decreased and hypocotyl lengths increased with the increasing of sowing depths. It was showed that above ground seedling lengths, radicle lengths and hypocotyl lengths had significant difference in 3 cm and 5 cm than in other depths.‘Jinzhong 0822’was significantly different than other hybrids in 7 cm, 8 cm, 10cm, 12 cm, 13cm and 17 cm.