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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (32): 105-110.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040130

所属专题： 畜牧兽医

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

NPK配施对羊草草原产量、土壤肥力及物种多样性的影响

仝宗永,权国玲,李向林,何峰,万里强,秦燕,谢开云,王栋   

  1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-20 修回日期:2016-11-03 接受日期:2016-05-25 出版日期:2016-11-15 发布日期:2016-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 李向林
  • 基金资助:
    ：公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目“半干旱牧区天然打草场培育及利用技术研究与示范”(201303060)；国家自然科学基金项目“半干旱 区羊草草原群落结构和稳定性对水分变化与刈割强度的响应机制”(31302015)；国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-35)。

Combined Application of NPK Fertilizer Affecting Grass Yield, Soil Fertility and Species Diversity in Leymu schinensis Steppe

仝宗永,权国玲,,,,, and   

  • Received:2016-04-20 Revised:2016-11-03 Accepted:2016-05-25 Online:2016-11-15 Published:2016-11-15

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摘要： 为探究NPK配施对天然羊草草原产草量，土壤理化性质及物种多样性的影响，以期为退化羊草草原的恢复提供理论基础，在内蒙古南缘羊草草原以“3414”方案进行NPK配施试验。结果表明：羊草地上生物量在N2P1K1(133.63 g/m2)较对照显著增加(P<0.05)，且增产235.66%。总地上生物量在N2P2K2、N2P1K1、N2P0K2和N2P3K2均较对照增加显著(P<0.05)，且在N2P2K2、N2P1K1分别达到210.68、206.73 g/m2，各增产116.86%、112.80%。土壤电导率在N2P3K2达到最大值422.13 μs/cm，并较N0P0K0、N1P1K2和N1P2K1增加显著(P<0.05)；全氮在N3P2K2(0.31 g/kg)和对照(0.23 g/kg)表现出显著性差异(P<0.05)；全钾在N2P2K3、N1P1K2 分别为1.58、1.57 g/kg，较对照(1.45 g/kg) 增加显著(P<0.05)；速效磷最大值出现在N3P2K2(11.79 mg/kg)，而速效钾则出现在N2P3K2(358.83 mg/kg)，并较各自最小值表现出显著性差异。Margalef丰富度指数在N0P2K2较N2P2K0、N2P2K3和N3P2K2增加显著，而在N3P2K2较N0P2K2、N2P1K1降低显著。总的来看，该羊草草原N2P1K1 配施是提高产量，且不造成物种多样性下降的最佳选择，即施肥量为N56 kg/hm2、P2O5 89 kg/hm2、K2O 34 kg/hm2。

关键词: 能见度, 能见度, Ridit, 累积百分率分析法, 气候变化趋势检验

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of combined application of NPK fertilizer on grass yield, soil fertilizer and species diversity and provide a theoretical basis for restoration of degraded grassland,“3414”fertilizer application scheme of NPK fertilizer was conducted inLeymus chinensis steppe in the southern edge of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the above-ground biomass ofLeymus chinensis had the maximum value of 133.63 g/m2 in N2P1K1, which increased by 235.66% compared with that of N0P0K0 (no fertilizer application) significantly (P <0.05). The total above-ground biomass increased significantly in N2P2K2, N2P1K1, N2P0K2 and N2P3K2 compared with that in N0P0K0 (P <0.05). The total above-ground biomass of N2P2K2 and N2P1K1 was up to 210.68 and 206.73 g/m2, and increased by 116.86% and 112.80% compared with that of N0P0K0 respectively. Soil electric conductivity in N2P3K2 was 422.13 μs/cm, which was significantly larger than that of N0P0K0, N1P1K2 and N1P2K1 (P <0.05). Content of total N in N3P2K2 had the highest value of 0.31 g/kg, which was significantly larger than that of N0P0K0 which was 0.23 g/kg (P <0.05). Contents of total K in N2P2K3 and N1P1K2 were 1.58 and 1.57 g/kg respectively, and were significantly larger than that of N0P0K0 which was 1.45 g/kg (P <0.05). Content of available P reached the peak (11.79 mg/kg) in N3P2K2, while content of available K reached the peak (358.83 mg/kg) in N2P3K2. Margalef richness index increased significantly in N0P2K2 compared with that in N2P2K0, N2P2K3 and N3P2K2, while decreased significantly in N3P2K2 compared with that in N0P2K2 and N2P1K1. Generally, it is suggested that the combined application of N2P1K1 (N 56 kg/hm2, P2O5 89 kg/hm2, K2O 34 kg/hm2) is the optimal choice in Leymus chinensis steppe.

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