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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 137-142.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17110101

所属专题： 畜牧兽医

• 畜牧 动物医学 蚕 蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

柠条营养动态分析及山羊瘤胃降解特性的研究

黄帅   

  1. 榆林学院生命科学研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-23 修回日期:2017-12-11 接受日期:2017-12-25 出版日期:2018-02-26 发布日期:2018-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 黄帅
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点研发计划项目“饲料资源安全高效利用与营养调控关键技术研究与示范”(2017NY-078)；榆林学院高层次人才科研启动项目 “陕北白绒山羊几种常用粗饲料营养动态分析及营养价值评定”(16GK05)；榆林市科技计划项目“利用榆林地区沙生植物开发陕北白绒山羊TMR饲 料的研究”（2016cxy-06）；陕西省科技厅特色产业创新链项目“饲草资源高效利用关键技术研究与产业化开发”(2015KTTSNY04-05)。

Nutrients Dynamic Change and Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Caragana korshinskii in Goat

  • Received:2017-11-23 Revised:2017-12-11 Accepted:2017-12-25 Online:2018-02-26 Published:2018-02-26

摘要： 为研究陕北榆林地区柠条的营养动态及其在陕北白绒山羊瘤胃内的降解特性，分别于不同生育期采集柠条全株，测定常规营养成分含量；选用3 只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的陕北白绒山羊，采用尼龙袋法评定不同生育期柠条的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的瘤胃降解特性。结果表明：（1）随着生育期的延续，柠条DM含量增加，休眠期柠条DM含量最高(P<0.05)，但与结实期相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。盛花期和结实期柠条DM含量显著大于营养期(P<0.05)。盛花期柠条CP 含量显著大于其他生育期(P<0.05)。随着生育期的延续，柠条NDF 和ADF 含量逐渐降低，结实期最低(P<0.05)，而在休眠期则升至最高(P<0.05)。不同生育期柠条粗脂肪(EE)和粗灰分(CA)含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。（2）不同生育期柠条营养物质在瘤胃内的降解率，随着饲料在瘤胃内停留时间的延长呈不同程度增加，且柠条营养物质在瘤胃内的降解主要发生在48 h 内。营养期柠条在各时间点的营养物质降解率均最高，其次为盛花期，而结实期和休眠期营养物质降解率较低，且两者差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上，营养期和盛花期柠条营养价值较高且营养物质的利用效率较高，为最佳刈割利用时期。

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamic change and rumen degradation characteristics of Caragana korshinskii nutrients in different growth periods in Shanbei white cashmere goat. The whole Caragana korshinskii was collected in different growth periods, respectively, and the nutrients were analyzed after after preprocessing. Three Shanbei white cashmere goats fixed with permanent rumen fistulas were selected and the rumen nylon bag technique was used to study the rumen degradation characteristics of Caragana korshinskii nutrients in different growth periods．The results showed as followed: (1) dry matter (DM) content of Caragana korshinskii was increased with the extend of growth period. DM content of Caragana korshinskii in dormancy period was the highest (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in DM content of Caragana korshinskii in dormancy period and fructicative period (P>0.05). DM contents in flowering period and fructicative period were significantly higher than vegetative period (P<0.05). Crude protein (CP) content in vegetative period was significantly higher than other growth periods (P<0.05). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and the acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents were decreased with the extend of growth period, and these results was the lowest in fructicative period (P<0.05). However, NDF and ADF contents rose to the highest level in dormancy period (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the contents of ether extract (EE) and crude ash (CA) among different growth periods. (2) Rumen degradation of Caragana korshinskii nutrients in different growth periods incressed as the incubation time extended, and Caragana korshinskii nutrients were degraded mainly appeared at 48h. Nutrients degradation of vegetative period was the highest at every time point. Next was flowering period. However, nutrients degradation was lower in fructicative period and dormancy period, and the difference was not significant between the two periods (P>0.05). In summary, Caragana korshinskii is roughage of high nutritive value, and utilization rate of nutrient is higher in vegetative period and flowering period. So Caragana korshinskii in vegetative period and flowering period were the optimal utilization periods.