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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 123-128.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191200956

所属专题: 畜牧兽医

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

黔中地区农舍褐家鼠种群的体型特征研究

李梅1(), 尹文书1, 宋致书1, 杨再学2()   

  1. 1贵州省息烽县植保植检站,贵州息烽 551199
    2贵州省余庆县植保植检站,贵州余庆 564400
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-17 修回日期:2020-02-06 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-01-14
  • 通讯作者: 杨再学
  • 作者简介:李梅,女,1979年出生,贵州息烽人,农艺师,本科,研究方向:植保技术推广。通信地址:551199 贵州省息烽县植保植检站,Tel:0851-87728677,E-mail:251762086@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目“贵州省鼠害人才团队持续性培养期项目”(黔科合人才[2015]4019号)

Rattus norvegicus in Farmhouses in Central Guizhou: Morphological Characteristics

Li Mei1(), Yin Wenshu1, Song Zhishu1, Yang Zaixue2()   

  1. 1Guizhou Xifeng Plant Protection Station, Xifeng Guizhou 551199
    2Guizhou Yuqing Plant Protection Station, Yuqing Guizhou 564400
  • Received:2019-12-17 Revised:2020-02-06 Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-01-14
  • Contact: Yang Zaixue

摘要:

褐家鼠是黔中地区农舍的优势种害鼠。明确不同年龄组、不同季节本地区褐家鼠的体型特征,既可以丰富褐家鼠种群生态研究资料,也可为预测其种群数量动态,进而为制定科学的防治策略提供依据。本研究于1986—2019年期间,采用逐月夹捕法捕获农舍区害鼠,共捕获了1746只褐家鼠。测量捕获鼠体重、体长、尾长、后足长、耳高等体型指标,分析了褐家鼠这些指标的雌雄、年龄、季节间的差异。结果显示,黔中地区农舍褐家鼠种群体重主要集中在30.01~160.00 g之间,占种群个体总数的83.62%,种群中亚成年组和成年Ⅰ组个体占总鼠数的69.76%。雌雄鼠间体重、体长、尾长、后足长及耳高无显著差异;不同年龄组这些体型特征指标差异极显著;不同季节间这些体型指标也有差异。由此可见,在相同环境条件下,褐家鼠雌雄鼠生长速度一致,且随着年龄的增长而增加,季节变化对褐家鼠的生长有一定的影响。

关键词: 农舍区, 褐家鼠, 体型特征, 年龄结构, 黔中地区

Abstract:

Rattus norvegicus is a dominant pest rodent in farmhouses in central Guizhou. The knowledge on the morphological characteristics of R. norvegicus of different age groups and different seasons contribute to the population ecology research of R. norvegicus and the forecast of the population dynamics, which can provide a basis for making control strategy of R. norvegicus. We captured R. norvegicus monthly using snap-trap method from 1986 to 2019 in farmhouses in central Guizhou. A total of 1746 rats were captured during these years. The indices of the morphological characteristics including body weight, body length, tail length, hind foot length and ear length were detected, and the indices’ differences among gender, age groups and season were analyzed. The results showed that the body weight of the captured rats was mainly between 30.01 and 160.00 g, accounting for 83.62% of the total population. The number of sub-adult and adult I accounted for 69.76% of the total population. There was no significant difference in body weight, body length, tail length, hind foot length and ear length between male and female. Body characteristics among different age groups were greatly significant, and the difference of body characteristics was also found in different seasonal cohorts. The results suggest that the growth rate is equal between male and female rats in the same environment, the body weight and length increase with the age. Seasonal change has certain effects on the growth of R. norvegicus.

Key words: farmhouses, Rattus norvegicus, morphological characteristics, age structure, central Guizhou

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