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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (20): 138-142.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0718

所属专题： 生物技术； 水产渔业； 畜牧兽医； 园艺

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同蜂种授粉对‘金茶1号’茶叶籽传粉效率与果实品质的影响

赵东绪(), 陈道印, 江丽, 苏晓玲(), 李朵姣, 华启云   

  1. 金华市农业科学研究院,浙江金华 321017
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-28 修回日期:2021-09-16 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 苏晓玲
  • 作者简介:赵东绪,男,1987年出生,山东牟平人,畜牧师,研究方向为蜜蜂授粉技术研究及应用。通信地址：321000 浙江省金华市婺城区志和路1158号 科研楼304室,Tel：0579-82050140,E-mail： 392868138@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省公益技术研究农业项目“茶叶籽蜜蜂授粉增效关键技术研究与示范”(GN19C170001)

The Pollination Efficiency and Tea Seed Quality of ‘Jincha No.1’ with Different Bee Species

ZHAO Dongxu(), CHEN Daoyin, JIANG Li, SU Xiaoling(), LI Duojiao, HUA Qiyun   

  1. Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321017
  • Received:2021-07-28 Revised:2021-09-16 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2022-08-23
  • Contact: SU Xiaoling

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摘要：

蜜蜂授粉对农业生产具有非常重要的价值,为了研究不同蜂种授粉对茶叶品质的影响,本研究以茶树‘金茶1号’为研究对象,分别使用意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera Ligustica)、中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana cerana)与地熊蜂(Bombus terrestris)开展蜂媒授粉技术及增产提质影响研究。结果表明中蜂授粉组访花频率最高,意蜂授粉组柱头花粉数最高,地熊蜂授粉组单花访问时间最长。中蜂授粉能显著提升茶树的茶叶籽座果率与茶叶籽油茶多酚含量,但对茶叶籽的含油量影响不显著。意蜂授粉与地熊蜂授粉对座果率影响不显,但能显著提升茶叶籽的茶多酚含量与含油量,3个授粉组对茶叶籽油的主要成分并无显著影响。在实际中可以根据生产需要选择对应的蜂种进行授粉。

关键词: 不同蜂种, 茶叶籽授粉, 授粉效率, 座果率, 茶叶籽品质

Abstract:

Honeybee pollination is very important for agricultural production. To study the effects of pollination of different bee species on tea quality, this study took tea plant ‘Jincha No.1’ as the research object, and studied the effects of honeybee pollination technology on tea yield increase and quality improvement by using Apis mellifera Ligustica, Apis cerana cerana and Bombus terrestris, respectively. The results show that Apis cerana cerana pollination group has the highest number of flower visiting per minute, Apis mellifera Ligustica pollination group has the most number of stigma pollen, and Bombus terrestris pollination group has the longest access time. Apis cerana cerana pollination could significantly increase fruit setting rate of tea seeds and polyphenol content of tea seed oil, but has no significant effect on oil content of tea seeds. Apis mellifera Ligustica pollination and Bombus terrestris pollination have no significant effect on fruit setting rate, but could significantly increase the polyphenol content and oil content of tea seeds. The three pollination groups have no significant effect on the main components of tea seed oil. In practice, corresponding bee species can be selected for pollination according to production needs.

Key words: different bee species, tea seed pollination, pollination efficiency, fruit setting rate, tea seed quality

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