群体大小对鳙幼鱼的集群行为影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0732

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (23): 143-149.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0732

所属专题：生物技术；水产渔业

群体大小对鳙幼鱼的集群行为影响

赵涵婧¹(), 韩建蓉¹, 金渝钦¹, 陈永进¹^,²()

¹南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡 214081
²中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡 214081

收稿日期:2021-08-05 修回日期:2021-12-17 出版日期:2022-08-15 发布日期:2022-08-08
通讯作者: 陈永进
作者简介:赵涵婧,女,2001年出生,湖南澧县人,本科在读,研究方向为水产养殖。通讯地址：214081 江苏省无锡市滨湖区雪浪街道壬宾路南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,E-mail： zhj326748500@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“典型湖泊水域净水渔业模式示范”(2020YFD0900500);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助(2020TD61)

Effects of Population Size on the Collective Behavior of Juvenile Bighead Carp

ZHAO Hanjing¹(), HAN Jianrong¹, JIN Yuqin¹, CHEN Yongjin¹^,²()

¹Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081
²Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
³Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081

Received:2021-08-05 Revised:2021-12-17 Online:2022-08-15 Published:2022-08-08
Contact: CHEN Yongjin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

集群是自然界的一种普遍现象,大约有一半的鱼类一生中有部分或全部生活在鱼群中,为研究群体大小对鳙(Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)幼鱼集群行为的影响,选取了鳙幼鱼,利用Lolitrack软件比较不同尾数实验鱼群体的自发游泳速度以及空间分布的差异。研究发现：鳙幼鱼的自发游泳速度多分布在0~6 cm/s,1、2、4、8不同尾数实验鱼群体的平均速度无显著差异。各实验组的同步性都较高,且随着群体规模的上升有显著下降趋势,各组间均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。焦点鱼与群体中其它实验鱼的最近邻距离(NND)和平均邻距离大多分布在2~8 cm和4~14 cm,2尾鱼的NND显著大于4尾和8尾(P<0.05)。群体大小为2尾和4尾实验组的排列极性为83%、88%,显著高于8尾实验组68%(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,鳙幼鱼具有明显的集群性特征,群体的大小对鳙幼鱼自发游泳速度的影响较小,但对同步性、NND以及排列极性（即空间分布）有显著影响。本次研究探讨了群体大小对鳙鱼集群参数的影响,对经济鱼类的生态养殖和渔业管理具有十分重要的实践意义。

关键词: 鳙幼鱼, 集群行为, 最近邻距离, 同步性, 排列极性

Abstract:

Collective behavior is a common phenomenon in nature, about half of all fish species shoal for part or all their lives. In order to investigate the effect of population size on the collective behavior of juvenile bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), the Lolitrack software was used to compare the differences in spontaneous swimming speed and spatial distribution among experimental fish populations with different numbers of individuals in this study. The results showed that the spontaneous swimming speed of juvenile bighead carp was mostly in the range of 0-6 cm/s, and there was no significant difference in the average swimming speed among populations with of 1, 2, 4 and 8 individuals, indicating that the population size had no significant effect on the spontaneous swimming speed of juvenile bighead carp. The synchrony of all experimental groups were high and significantly decreased with the increase of population size (P<0.05). The nearest neighbor distance (NND) and mean neighbor distance between the focus fish and other experimental fish in the population were mostly distributed at 2-8 cm and 4-14 cm, respectively. The NND of the population with 2 individuals was significantly higher than the population with 4 and 8 individuals (P<0.05). The polarity of populations with 2 (83%) and 4 (88%) individuals were significantly higher than that with 8 individuals (68%, P<0.05). In conclusion, these findings indicate that juvenile bighead carp has obvious collective behaviors. On the one hand, the population size has little effect on the spontaneous swimming speed of juvenile bighead carp, and on the other hand, the population size has significant effect on its spatial distribution. In this study, the effects of population size on the cluster parameters of bighead carp are investigated, and the study is of practical significance for ecological breeding and fishery management of economic fish.

Key words: Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, collective behavior, nearest neighbor distance, synchronization, polarity

中图分类号:

S931.1

赵涵婧, 韩建蓉, 金渝钦, 陈永进. 群体大小对鳙幼鱼的集群行为影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(23): 143-149.

ZHAO Hanjing, HAN Jianrong, JIN Yuqin, CHEN Yongjin. Effects of Population Size on the Collective Behavior of Juvenile Bighead Carp[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(23): 143-149.

图/表 6

图1. 不同群体规模鳙幼鱼的平均速度及其同步性(1080桢/min)(平均值±标准误,N=4) a,b代表不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)

图2. 不同群体规模鳙幼鱼的自发游泳速度及其频率分布

图3. 不同群体规模鳙的最近邻距离和频率分布

图4. 不同群体规模鳙的平均邻距离和频率分布

图5. 不同群体规模鳙的最近邻距离和平均邻距离

图6. 不同群体规模大小鳙的群体方向的排列极性

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群体大小对鳙幼鱼的集群行为影响

Effects of Population Size on the Collective Behavior of Juvenile Bighead Carp

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