植物拒盐机制的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0680

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (27): 86-94.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0680

植物拒盐机制的研究进展

李霞¹^,²(), 刘传鑫³, 徐彬⁴, 董荣书¹, 郇恒福¹, 黄春琼¹, 严琳玲¹, 王文强¹, 杨虎彪¹, 虞道耿¹, 王志勇²(), 刘一明¹()

¹ 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业农村部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室，海口 571101
² 海南大学林学院/热带特色林木花卉遗传与种质创新教育部重点实验室，海口 570228
³ 华中农业大学资源与环境学院，武汉 430070
⁴ 南京农业大学草业学院，南京 210095

收稿日期:2022-08-22 修回日期:2023-01-01 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-09-22
通讯作者: 刘一明，男，1981年出生，山东沂水人，副研究员，博士，主要从事牧草逆境生理及分子育种。E-mail：lymsjtu@foxmail.com。王志勇，男，1979年出生，江西乐平人，教授，博士，主要从事热带草类植物遗传多样性与遗传育种。E-mail：wangzhiyong@hainanu.edu.cn。
作者简介:
李霞，女，1996年出生，甘肃陇西人，研究生，研究方向：热带牧草耐盐机制研究。通信地址：571101 海南省海口市学院路4号，中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所，E-mail：1553920943@qq.com。
基金资助:
海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目“高抗滨豇豆盐分转运机制及离子通道基因时空表达特异性研究”(321RC646); 2023年社会公益类科研机构改革专项经费“特色盐生豆科植物滨豇豆重要耐盐基因挖掘”(PZS2023021); “国家牧草产业技术体系”(CARS-34)

Plant Salt-exclusion Mechanism: A Review

LI Xia¹^,²(), LIU Chuanxin³, XU Bin⁴, DONG Rongshu¹, HUAN Hengfu¹, HUANG Chunqiong¹, YAN Linling¹, WANG Wenqiang¹, YANG Hubiao¹, YU Daogeng¹, WANG Zhiyong²(), LIU Yiming¹()

¹ Institute of Tropical Crop Variety Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101
² College of Forestry, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Trees and Flowers, Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228
³ College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070
⁴ College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095

Received:2022-08-22 Revised:2023-01-01 Published-:2023-09-25 Online:2023-09-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在为探索植物拒盐的内在机制、拒盐植物筛选及拒盐作物育种提供新思路。综述了植物如何通过组织结构适应、信号通路和转运蛋白基因调控等拒盐途径应对盐胁迫，阐明了内皮层凯氏带、根系内外皮层木栓化、中柱鞘和木质部薄壁细胞等在植物拒盐过程中的关键作用，明确组织结构在植物拒盐中存在物种差异性。SOS通路、NHX、HAK和HKT等转运蛋白在植物拒盐过程中起重要的调控作用，SOS通路、NHX、HAK普遍存在于根系各类细胞中，主要负责Na⁺排除、转运及液泡储存，HKT基因主要在木质部薄壁组织中表达，推测其在木质部薄壁细胞盐分区隔化中起作用。

关键词: 抗盐植物, 拒盐, 避盐, 中柱鞘, 组织屏障

Abstract:

This paper aims to provide new ideas for exploring the internal mechanism of plant salt exclusion, screening of salt-exclusion plants and breeding of salt-exclusion crops. The authors review how plants cope with salt stress through salt-exclusion pathways such as tissue structure adaptation, signaling pathway and transporter gene regulation, clarify the key roles of casparian strip of endodermis, suberization of endodermis and exodermis of root, pericycle and xylem parenchyma in plant salt exclusion, and elucidate the species differences in tissue structure in plant salt exclusion. SOS pathway, NHX, HAK and HKT and other transporters play important regulatory roles in the process of plant salt exclusion. SOS pathway, NHX and HAK are ubiquitous in various types of root cells, mainly responsible for Na⁺ exclusion, transport and vacuole compartmentalization; HKT genes are mainly expressed in xylem parenchyma tissues, and it may play role of salt compartmentalization in xylem parenchyma.

Key words: salt-resistant plants, salt exclusion, salt avoidance, pericycle, tissue barriers

李霞, 刘传鑫, 徐彬, 董荣书, 郇恒福, 黄春琼, 严琳玲, 王文强, 杨虎彪, 虞道耿, 王志勇, 刘一明. 植物拒盐机制的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(27): 86-94.

LI Xia, LIU Chuanxin, XU Bin, DONG Rongshu, HUAN Hengfu, HUANG Chunqiong, YAN Linling, WANG Wenqiang, YANG Hubiao, YU Daogeng, WANG Zhiyong, LIU Yiming. Plant Salt-exclusion Mechanism: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(27): 86-94.

图/表 2

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植物拒盐机制的研究进展

Plant Salt-exclusion Mechanism: A Review

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