CO2浓度升高对阿尔蚜茧蜂寄生及后代蜂适合度的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0955

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (33): 134-139.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0955

CO₂浓度升高对阿尔蚜茧蜂寄生及后代蜂适合度的影响

杨泽远(), 张克信, 刘长仲()

甘肃农业大学植物保护学院，兰州 730070

收稿日期:2022-11-22 修回日期:2023-03-10 出版日期:2023-11-25 发布日期:2023-11-22
通讯作者: 刘长仲，男，1962年出生，重庆市人，教授，从事昆虫生态及害虫综合治理研究。E-mail：liuchzh@gsau.edu.cn。
作者简介:
杨泽远，男，1997年出生，甘肃民勤人，硕士研究生，研究方向：有害生物综合防治。通信地址：730070 甘肃兰州安宁区营门村1号甘肃农业大学植物保护学院，E-mail：2891415519@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金“豌豆蚜几丁质代谢途径关键基因的筛选和功能验证”(31960351); “两种色型豌豆蚜种群演替对大气CO₂浓度升高的响应机制”(31660522)

Effects of Elevated CO₂ Concentration on Parasitism and Offspring Fitness of Aphidius ervi

YANG Zeyuan(), ZHANG Kexin, LIU Changzhong()

College Of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070

Received:2022-11-22 Revised:2023-03-10 Published-:2023-11-25 Online:2023-11-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究CO₂浓度升高对阿尔蚜茧蜂(Aphidius ervi)寄生及后代蜂适合度的影响。在温度24℃、CO₂浓度为380、550、750 μL/L的人工气候箱中连续培养3代阿尔蚜茧蜂。结果表明，随着CO₂浓度升高阿尔蚜茧蜂的寄生率、羽化率和雌性比例显著降低，成虫寿命极显著降低，但对发育历期无显著影响，世代因子对阿尔蚜茧蜂发育历期无显著影响；随着CO₂浓度升高阿尔蚜茧蜂寿命极显著降低，不同世代之间阿尔蚜茧蜂的寄生率、羽化率、雌性比例、发育历期和成虫寿命均无显著差异。CO₂浓度升高降低了阿尔蚜茧蜂的寄生效果以及后代蜂的适合度，从而推测大气CO₂浓度升高下阿尔蚜茧蜂对豌豆蚜的控害作用下降。

关键词: 阿尔蚜茧蜂, 适合度, 不同CO₂浓度, 寄生效果, 豌豆蚜

Abstract:

The objective of this paper was to study the effects of elevated CO₂ concentration on parasitism and offspring fitness of Aphidius ervi. Aphidius ervi were continuously cultured three generations in artificial climate chamber at 24℃ and CO₂ concentrations of 380 μL/L, 550 μL/L and 750 μL/L respectively. The results showed that the parasitism rate, eclosion rate, female proportion, and adult longevity of Aphidius ervi significantly decreased, while no significant effect on the developmental duration as the concentration of CO₂increases. The generation factor had also no significant effect on the developmental duration of the Aphidius ervi. Furthermore, the longevity of the Aphidius ervi significantly reduced as CO₂ concentration increased. No significant differences in the parasitism rate, the eclosion rate, the female proportion, developmental duration, and adult longevity were observed between generations of the Aphidius ervi. Our results suggested that the parasitic effects of the Aphidius ervi was reduced by elevated CO₂ levels. Therefore, it is speculated that the control effect of the Aphidius ervi on the pea aphid will decrease with the increase of atmospheric CO₂concentration.

Key words: Aphidius ervi, inclusive fitness, different CO₂ concentration, effect of parasitism, Acyrthosiphon pisum

杨泽远, 张克信, 刘长仲. CO₂浓度升高对阿尔蚜茧蜂寄生及后代蜂适合度的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(33): 134-139.

YANG Zeyuan, ZHANG Kexin, LIU Changzhong. Effects of Elevated CO₂ Concentration on Parasitism and Offspring Fitness of Aphidius ervi[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(33): 134-139.

图/表 6

参考文献 21

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世代	CO₂浓度/(μL/L)	寄生率/%	羽化率/%	雌性比/%
F₁	380	63.43±2.99Aa	98.24±1.65Aa	55.03±1.40Aa
	550	60.00±2.31Aa	96.65±2.00Aa	51.91±1.51Ab
	750	54.00±1.63Ab	91.00±2.00Ab	45.90±1.75Ac
F₂	380	64.00±2.31Aa	97.74±1.55Aa	55.70±1.22Aa
	550	59.43±2.23Ab	96.58±2.07Aa	52.23±1.95Aa
	750	53.43±2.23Ac	90.34±2.14Ab	46.16±1.39Aa
F₃	380	63.71±3.15Aa	97.72±1.56Aa	54.33±0.72Aa
	550	59.71±1.80Aa	95.71±1.64Aa	52.22±1.29Aa
	750	53.14±1.95Ab	90.35±1.85Ab	45.78±1.85Ab

世代	CO₂浓度/(μL/L)	寄生率/%	羽化率/%	雌性比/%
F₁	380	63.43±2.99Aa	98.24±1.65Aa	55.03±1.40Aa
	550	60.00±2.31Aa	96.65±2.00Aa	51.91±1.51Ab
	750	54.00±1.63Ab	91.00±2.00Ab	45.90±1.75Ac
F₂	380	64.00±2.31Aa	97.74±1.55Aa	55.70±1.22Aa
	550	59.43±2.23Ab	96.58±2.07Aa	52.23±1.95Aa
	750	53.43±2.23Ac	90.34±2.14Ab	46.16±1.39Aa
F₃	380	63.71±3.15Aa	97.72±1.56Aa	54.33±0.72Aa
	550	59.71±1.80Aa	95.71±1.64Aa	52.22±1.29Aa
	750	53.14±1.95Ab	90.35±1.85Ab	45.78±1.85Ab

变量	CO₂浓度		世代		CO₂浓度和世代
变量	F-value	P	F-value	P	F-value	P
寄生率	F(2,54)=101.40	P<0.01	F(2,54)=0.0814	P=0.9219	F(4,54)=0.19	P=0.9447
羽化率	F(2,54)=92.33	P<0.01	F(2,54)=0.7709	P=0.4676	F(4,54)=0.13	P=0.9689
雌性比	F(2,54)=202.30	P<0.01	F(2,54)=0.8591	P=0.4292	F(4,54)=0.41	P=0.7971

变量	CO₂浓度		世代		CO₂浓度和世代
变量	F-value	P	F-value	P	F-value	P
寄生率	F(2,54)=101.40	P<0.01	F(2,54)=0.0814	P=0.9219	F(4,54)=0.19	P=0.9447
羽化率	F(2,54)=92.33	P<0.01	F(2,54)=0.7709	P=0.4676	F(4,54)=0.13	P=0.9689
雌性比	F(2,54)=202.30	P<0.01	F(2,54)=0.8591	P=0.4292	F(4,54)=0.41	P=0.7971

世代	CO₂浓度/(μL/L)	雌性&雄性	雌性	雄性
F₁	380	10.75±0.57Bb	10.86±0.56Aa	10.61±0.55Bb
	550	10.97±0.55Aa	10.98±0.65ABa	10.94±0.42Aa
	750	10.85±0.74Aab	10.89±0.96Aa	10.81±0.47Aab
F₂	380	10.93±0.48Aa	10.95±0.61Aa	10.90±0.22Aa
	550	10.97±0.47Aa	11.07±0.49Aa	10.86±0.43Aa
	750	10.81±0.70Aa	10.88±0.85Aa	10.76±0.54Aa
F₃	380	11.02±0.56Aa	11.03±0.56Aa	11.00±0.57Aa
	550	10.77±0.45Bb	10.79±0.36Ba	10.75±0.54Ab
	750	10.81±0.67Ab	10.88±0.67Aa	10.75±0.68Ab

CO₂浓度升高对阿尔蚜茧蜂寄生及后代蜂适合度的影响

Effects of Elevated CO₂ Concentration on Parasitism and Offspring Fitness of Aphidius ervi

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变量	性别	CO₂浓度		世代		CO₂浓度和世代
变量	性别	F-value	P	F-value	P	F-value	P
发育历期/d	雌性&雄性	F(2,1730)=3.30	P=0.0381	F(2,1730)=1.20	P=0.2983	F(4,1730)=9.30	P<0.01
	雌性	F(2,879)=0.84	P=0.4335	F(2,879)=0.93	P=0.3958	F(4,879)=3.10	P=0.0162
	雄性	F(2,834)=2.00	P=0.1356	F(2,834)=0.91	P=0.4041	F(4,834)=9.20	P<0.01

世代	CO₂浓度/(μL/L)	雌性&雄性	雌性	雄性
F₁	380	1.89±0.23Aa	1.75±0.18Aa	2.04±0.17Aa
	550	1.61±0.23Ab	1.50±0.13Ab	1.72±0.24Ab
	750	1.23±0.15Ac	1.13±0.08Ac	1.35±0.16Ac
F₂	380	1.89±0.23Aa	1.74±0.16Aa	2.04±0.19Aa
	550	1.61±0.21Ab	1.49±0.16Ab	1.72±0.19Ab
	750	1.23±0.23Ac	1.13±0.22Ac	1.33±0.20Ac
F₃	380	1.89±0.56Aa	1.74±0.18Aa	2.03±0.15Aa
	550	1.65±0.28Ab	1.50±0.25Ab	1.72±0.22Ab
	750	1.24±0.17Ac	1.13±0.09Ac	1.33±0.13Ac

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[2]	吴晗姜鹏白俊杰. 转基因鱼类生态安全的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(11): 39-43.

变量	性别	CO₂浓度		世代		CO₂浓度和世代
变量	性别	F-value	P	F-value	P	F-value	P
寿命/d	雌性&雄性	F(2,1251)=959	P<0.01	F(2,1251)=0.59	P=0.5560>0.05	F(4,1251)=0.58	P=0.6755>0.05
	雌性	F(2,621)=707	P<0.01	F(2,621)=0.01	P=0.9886>0.05	F(4,621)=0.12	P=0.9768>0.05
	雄性	F(2,621)=738	P<0.01	F(2,621)=0.13	P=0.8771>0.05	F(4,621)=0.06	P=0.9941>0.05

变量	性别	CO₂浓度		世代		CO₂浓度和世代
变量	性别	F-value	P	F-value	P	F-value	P
寿命/d	雌性&雄性	F(2,1251)=959	P<0.01	F(2,1251)=0.59	P=0.5560>0.05	F(4,1251)=0.58	P=0.6755>0.05
	雌性	F(2,621)=707	P<0.01	F(2,621)=0.01	P=0.9886>0.05	F(4,621)=0.12	P=0.9768>0.05
	雄性	F(2,621)=738	P<0.01	F(2,621)=0.13	P=0.8771>0.05	F(4,621)=0.06	P=0.9941>0.05