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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (36): 119-124.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1012

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

茄链格孢Alternaria solani DT-15除草活性及生物学特性初步研究

朱海霞()   

  1. 青海大学农林科学院/农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站/青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室，西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-23 修回日期:2023-05-15 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2023-12-20
  • 作者简介:

    朱海霞，女，1985年出生，青海西宁人，副研究员，博士，主要从事杂草生物防治研究。通信地址：810016 青海省西宁市宁大路251号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技厅国际合作专项“葡萄孢属真菌HZ-011活性成分提取及除草分子机制研究”(2023-HZ-808)

Alternaria solani Strain DT-15: the Herbicidal Activity and Biological Characteristics

ZHU Haixia()   

  1. Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management in Qinghai Province, Xining 810016
  • Received:2022-12-23 Revised:2023-05-15 Published-:2023-12-20 Online:2023-12-20

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摘要：

为了筛选获得高效除草生防菌株，本研究以青海省大通县野薄荷病样中分离到的DT-15菌株作为研究对象，对其进行离体致病性测定、活体除草效果评价、安全性评价、菌株分类鉴定及菌株最适碳氮源筛选研究。离体条件下DT-15菌株对3种杂草的致病性由强到弱依次为密花香薷>冬葵>藜。盆栽条件下藜、冬葵发病率高达91%以上，鲜重防效达94%以上，且对主栽作物蚕豆、小麦、豌豆、油菜表现为相对安全。菌株DT-15鉴定为茄链格孢Alternaria solani。对菌落直径、孢子悬浮液的OD值进行了测定，结果表明：小麦麸皮是最适的碳源，硝酸钠是最适的氮源。DT-15菌株具有蚕豆、小麦、豌豆、油菜田防除部分阔叶杂草的微生物除草剂开发潜力。

关键词: 茄链格孢DT-15, 除草活性, 作物安全性, 最适碳氮源

Abstract:

In order to screen and obtain the biocontrol strains with high herbicidal efficiency, the strain DT-15 isolated from the Mentha haplocalyx Briq. disease sample in Datong County of Qinghai Province was used as the research object, the pathogenicity test in vitro, herbicidal effect evaluation in vivo, safety evaluation, strain classification and identification, and the optimal carbon and nitrogen source screening were carried out in this research. The results showed that the pathogenicity of strain DT-15 to 3 weeds in vitro was Elsholtzia densa Benth> Semen abutili> Chenopodium album. In pot experiment, the incidence rate of C. album and S. abutili were more than 91%, the control effect of fresh weight were more than 94%, and it was relatively safe to the main crops of Triticum aestivum L., Pisum sativum L., Vicia faba L. and Brassica napus L.. The strain DT-15 was identified as Alternaria solani. By comparing the colony diameter and the OD value of spore suspension, wheat bran was selected as the optimal carbon source for mycelium growth, and NaNO3 was selected as the optimal nitrogen source. Therefore, strain DT-15 has the potential to develop microbial herbicide for controlling some broad-leaved weeds in the fields of T. aestivum, P. sativum, V. faba and B. napus.

Key words: Alternaria solani DT-15, herbicidal activity, crop safety, optimum carbon and nitrogen sources