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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (26): 120-125.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0326

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

雏鸭母源抗体对新型鸭呼肠孤病毒保护效果研究

王东萍1(), 于可响2, 韩青海1, 刘振林1, 常海霞1, 吴蕾1, 刘杰1, 李倩1, 吴俊1, 崔雪志1()   

  1. 1 山东新希望六和集团有限公司，山东青岛 266100
    2 山东省农业科学院家禽研究所，济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-17 修回日期:2024-07-10 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-09-11
  • 通讯作者:
    崔雪志，男，1980年出生，山东烟台人，兽医师，硕士，研究方向：禽疫病诊断与防控。通信地址：250100 山东济南历城区全福街道畜牧兽医研究所117室，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    王东萍，女，1992年出生，山东德州人，本科，研究方向：禽疫病诊断与防控。通信地址：250100 山东济南历城区全福街道畜牧兽医研究所117室，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发项目“肉鸭新品种培育与产业化示范”(2021CXGC010805-02)

Study on Protective Effect of Maternal Antibodies in Ducklings on Novel Duck Reovirus

WANG Dongping1(), YU Kexiang2, HAN Qinghai1, LIU Zhenlin1, CHANG Haixia1, WU Lei1, LIU Jie1, LI Qian1, WU Jun1, CUI Xuezhi1()   

  1. 1 Shandong New Hope Liu he Group Co.,Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266100
    2 Poultry Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100
  • Received:2024-05-17 Revised:2024-07-10 Published:2024-09-15 Online:2024-09-11

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摘要：

研究旨在采用新型鸭呼肠孤病毒(Novel duck reovirus，NDRV)主动感染不同母源抗体组的商品雏鸭，对雏鸭泄殖腔排毒、体重、肝脏、脾脏组织病变和病理指标进行检测、观察，以期探究母源抗体对雏鸭早期感染新型鸭呼肠孤病毒的保护效果从而为该病的防控奠定基础。试验用58只商品雏鸭在相同环境条件下饲养，检测1日龄雏鸭NDRV母源抗体，根据母源抗体进行分组并于3日龄攻毒，攻毒后3、5、7 d采集泄殖腔棉拭子检测排毒情况，并在雏鸭2、8、10日龄进行称重。在攻毒后7 d处死鸭只并剖检，观察肝脏和脾脏病变，计算脾脏指数并制备部分肝脏和脾脏病理切片。结果表明，攻毒鸭泄殖腔均检测到排毒，高母源抗体组无法阻止排毒；攻毒鸭体重增重极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)；攻毒鸭脾脏坏死，肝脏均有散在出血点伴有坏死灶；攻毒鸭脾脏指数极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)；攻毒后不同母源抗体组雏鸭脾脏指数、体重差异不显著(P>0.05)；肝脏、脾脏细胞均有不同程度病理受损。该试验说明高母源抗体无法给雏鸭提供对该NDRV分离株的有效保护，通过免疫种鸭来保护雏鸭免受感染的方法有待商榷。

关键词: 新型鸭呼肠孤病毒, 商品雏鸭, 母源抗体, 脾脏指数, 排毒, 保护效果, 病理指标

Abstract:

In the study, using a novel duck reovirus (NDRV) to actively infect commercial ducklings with different maternal antibody levels, and the ducklings' cloacal viral shedding, body weight, spleen index, liver and spleen tissue lesions, and pathological indicators were tested and observed. The goal was to discover the protective effect of maternal antibodies on early NDRV infection in ducklings, laying the foundation for disease prevention and control. A total of 58 one-day-old commercial ducklings were tested for NDRV maternal antibodies. They were grouped according to maternal antibody levels and challenged at 3 days of age. Cloacal swabs were collected on days 3, 5, and 7 post-challenge to test for shedding, and weights were recorded on days 2, 8, and 10. Ducklings were euthanized 7 days post-challenge for necropsy to observe liver and spleen lesions, calculate spleen index, and prepare liver and spleen pathological sections. The results showed that all challenged ducks shed the virus, and high maternal antibody groups were unable to prevent shedding. Weight gain in challenged ducks was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.01). Necrosis was observed in the spleens, and scattered hemorrhagic foci with necrosis were found in the livers of challenged ducks. The spleen index of challenged ducks was significantly higher than the control group (P< 0.01). There were no significant differences in spleen index and body weight among ducklings with different maternal antibody levels post-challenge (P> 0.05). Liver and spleen cells showed varying degrees of pathological damage. This experiment demonstrates that high maternal antibodies cannot provide effective protection against this NDRV isolate in ducklings. The method of using immune breeder ducks to protect ducklings from infection requires further consideration.

Key words: Novel duck reovirus, duckling, maternal antibody, spleen index, viral shedding, protective effect, pathological indicators