Abstract: To accurately evaluate wild germplasm resources of Phyllanthus emblica and guide germplasm innovation and industrial development of Phyllanthus emblica L. in Yunnan Province, 11 accessions of germplasm resources from Yunnan or Guangxi were collected, and the total sugar contents, amino acid contents and compositions of the fruit were determined. And then, one-way variance analysis, correlation and cluster analysis were used to compare the fruit characteristics of the 11 accessions of the germplasm resources. The results showed that: the contents of total amino acids in different germplasm fruits had significant differences (P ＜0.05). The essential amino acid contents were 64.5-227.08 mg/100 g, accounting for 31.83%-41.35% of the total amino acid content; special flavor evaluation results showed that the taste amino acid contents and total sugar contents had no significant correlation (P>0.05), but umami kind of amino acid and bitter taste kind of amino acid or medicinal kind of amino acid were correlated significantly (P < 0.01), sweet kind of amino acids were correlated with bitter taste amino acid and medicinal amino acid significantly (P < 0.05), and the bitter kind of amino acid and medicinal amino acid were correlated significantly (P < 0.01). According to abundance contents of amino acid, the 11 accessions of germplasms of Phyllanthus emblica were divided into 3 categories. Phyllanthus emblica fruit has a rich diversity of amino acid compositions, which have a close relationship with the special flavor. It is suggested that Phyllanthus emblica germplasm innovations should be directional induction or breeding based on germplasm resources system evaluation.