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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (26): 90-98.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17080098

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同土壤处理对设施土壤中微生物生物量的影响

张燕,黄群,杨文雅   

  1. 宁夏万辉生物环保科技有限公司,银川能源学院,银川能源学院
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-23 修回日期:2018-08-21 接受日期:2017-09-19 出版日期:2018-09-19 发布日期:2018-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 张燕
  • 基金资助:
    “利用蚯蚓处理蔬菜残余与营养液调控研究与示范”。

Effects of Different Soil Treatments on Microbial Biomass in Facility Soil

张燕, and   

  • Received:2017-08-23 Revised:2018-08-21 Accepted:2017-09-19 Online:2018-09-19 Published:2018-09-19

摘要： 以抗TY病毒的番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)品种“粉宴1号” 为试验材料,研究了不同外源有机物料对设施土壤微生物特性的影响,采用随机区组设计,设置了 4 个处理,0-20cm土层增施鸡粪作为对照(CK)、0-20cm土层增施蚓粪(V)、0-20cm土层增施生物碳(BC)与20-40cm土层应用秸秆生物反应堆(SBR),研究不同处理对土壤酶活性、微生物量及碳源利用率的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,V处理增加0-20cm土层磷酸酶和脲酶活性,增幅为40.74%、53.33%,BC处理增加0-20cm土层蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性,增幅为35.59%、63.93%,SBR处理可增加20-40cm土层磷酸酶、脲酶与过氧化氢酶活性,增幅为73.68%、43.75%、73.41%；与CK相比,V处理与BC处理提高0-20cm土层可培养细菌数量25.16%、27.50%,SBR处理提高20-40cm土层可培养细菌数量39.505%,V处理提高0-20cm土层可培养放线菌数量14.13%,SBR处理提高20-40cm土层可培养放线菌数量15.66%~43.13%,BC处理提高高0-20cm土层可培养真菌数量40.78%；与CK相比,SBR处理提高20-40cm土层微生物量碳、氮60.11%、44.13%,V处理提高0-20cm土层微生物量氮36.84%；与CK相比,BC处理显著提高碳水化合物、多聚类和羧酸类碳源的利用,V处理显著提高氨基酸类、胺类和酚类碳源的利用,SBR处理提高提高碳水化合物、多聚类、羧酸类和羧酸类碳源的利用。增施蚓粪、生物碳及秸秆可显著改善土壤微生物、酶活性及碳源利用率,增强土壤肥力,利于设施农业的可持续发展。

Abstract: Using tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum )“Fenyan No.1”as the experimental material, we studied the effect of vermicompost (V), bio-carbon (BC), straw bioreactor (SBR) and chicken manure (CK) on soil enzyme activities, microorganism quantity and the carbon source utilization rate. The results showed that compared with CK, the V treatment increased urease and phosphatase activity in 0-20 cm soil layer, the increase rate was 40.74% and 53.33% respectively, BC treatment increased soil sucrose and catalase activity in 0- 20 cm layer, the increase rate was 35.59% and 63.93% respectively, SBR treatment increased phosphatase, urease and catalase activity in 20-40 cm layer, the increase rate was 73.68%, 43.75% and 73.41% respectively. Compared with CK, V and BC treatment promoted soil culturable bacteria number by 25.16% and 27.50% in 0- 20 soil layer, that of SBR treatment in 20- 40 cm soil layer was 39.505% , V treatment improved cultivate actinomyces quantity by 14.13% in 0-20 cm layer, that of SBR in 20-40 cm soil layer was 15.66%-43.13%, BC treatment improved soil culturable fungi amount by 40.78% in 0-20 cm layer; compared with CK, SBR treatment increased microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen by 60.11% and 44.13% in 20-40 cm soil layer, V treatment increased microbial biomass nitrogen by 36.84%; compared with CK, BC and SBR treatment significantly improved the utilization of carbohydrates, clustering and carboxylic acid type of carbon source, V treatment significantly increased the utilization of amino acids, amines and phenols carbon source.