Abstract: The research aims at analyzing genetic relationship among China orchid in different areas, and providing reference for the resources exploitation and new variety breeding of China orchid at the molecular level .With RAPD and ISSR markers, the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 21 cultivars of 7 species in China orchid were analyzed. The results showed that 96 clear bands were amplified with 39 RAPD and ISSR primers, 31 of these were polymorphic strips. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the genetic distance ranged from 1.91 to 6.60 among 21 China orchid cultivars, the genetic distance of Cymbidium. goeringii was 1.91- 4.38, the genetic distance of C. ensifolium was 2.60- 6.20, the genetic distance of C. kanran Makino was between 2.20 and 5.80, the genetic distance of C. sinense was between 3.52 and 6.60, which showed higher genetic diversity. The results of cluster analysis were basically consistent with the traditional morphological classification results, indicating that genetic markers could reflect genetic resources diversity at the molecular level, with the advantages of high sensitivity and reliable results. It is concluded that there are some correlations between genetic relationship and geographical location among China orchid varieties and the study provide certain theory support for Cymbidium classification and genetic diversity research.