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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 205-212.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0390

• 工程·机械·水利·装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于有限元的连栋薄膜温室结构分析及优化建议

姜红芝1(), 王敏竹1, 郑智杰2, 郑开启2, 周长吉3,4, 吴翠南3, 鲍恩财2,3()   

  1. 1 江苏省宿迁市宿城区园艺技术推广站， 江苏宿迁 223800
    2 南京林业大学土木工程学院， 南京 210037
    3 江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所/农业农村部长江中下游设施农业工程重点实验室， 南京 210014
    4 农业农村部规划设计研究院， 北京 100125
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-14 修回日期:2025-10-03 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-02-09
  • 通讯作者:
    鲍恩财，男，1990年出生，安徽合肥人，副研究员，博士，主要从事温室结构研究。通信地址：210014 江苏南京市玄武区钟灵街50号，Tel：025-84390493，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    姜红芝，女，1976年出生，江苏宿迁人，高级农艺师，学士，主要从事农作物生产技术研究与推广工作。通信地址：223800 宿迁市宿城区太湖路67号，Tel：0527-80291523，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学青年基金基础研究计划自然科学基金-青年基金项目“植物工厂生菜时序光响应机制及调控策略研究”(BK20241174)

Finite Element-based Structural Analysis and Optimization Suggestions for Multi-Span Film Greenhouses

JIANG Hongzhi1(), WANG Minzhu1, ZHENG Zhijie2, ZHENG Kaiqi2, ZHOU Changji3,4, WU Cuinan3, BAO Encai2,3()   

  1. 1 Horticultural Technology Extension Station of Sucheng District, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800
    2 College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037
    3 Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Facility Agriculture Engineering of the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014
    4 Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125
  • Received:2025-05-14 Revised:2025-10-03 Published:2026-02-15 Online:2026-02-09

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摘要：

为了优化连栋薄膜温室的钢结构薄弱环节，提升其抗连续倒塌性能，本研究以江苏宿迁地区某8 m跨度连栋薄膜温室为研究对象，基于重要性系数分析方法与有限元软件Midas-Gen，开展结构稳定性分析与优化设计。依据当地气候条件与规范，计算荷载并组合包括不均匀雪荷载在内的多种荷载。通过有限元建模，将温室结构简化，分析不同荷载组合下的应力分布与变形特征。结果表明，不均匀雪荷载导致天沟处应力集中，屋面拱架与下弦杆变形峰值分别达19 mm和18 mm，接近规范容许变形值，存在结构失稳风险。针对上述问题，本研究提出结构优化方案：在副拱架与下弦杆间增设间距为2 m的竖向钢管支撑杆件，构成三角形稳定结构，显著增强屋面抗变形能力；同时将主立柱矩形截面由100 mm×50 mm×2.5 mm缩小至50 mm×50 mm×2.5 mm，在保证结构安全的前提下，提高材料利用率达50%。优化后，屋面与下弦杆变形峰值分别降至12.27 mm和3.22 mm，应力分布显著改善。本研究表明，通过关键构件加固与截面调整可有效提升连栋温室抗连续倒塌性能，为宿迁地区乃至其他类似气候条件区域的连栋薄膜温室结构设计与优化提供了重要的参考依据和工程借鉴价值。

关键词: 连栋薄膜温室, 结构优化, 有限元分析, 应力集中, 变形控制

Abstract:

In order to optimize the weak links of the steel structure of the multi-span film greenhouse, this study focuses on an 8-meter-span multi-span film greenhouse in Suqian, Jiangsu Province, and employs an importance coefficient analysis method along with the finite element software Midas-Gen to conduct stability analysis and optimization design. Based on local climatic conditions and relevant standards, multiple loads including non-uniform snow loads were calculated. A finite element model was established with a simplified greenhouse structure to analyze stress distribution and deformation characteristics under different load combinations. Results indicate that uneven snow load causes stress concentration at the gutter, with peak deformations of the roof arch and bottom chord reaching 19 mm and 18 mm, respectively close to the code-specified allowable limits. To prevent structural instability, an optimization strategy was proposed: adding vertical supports between the secondary arches and the bottom chord to enhance the roof's deformation resistance, while reducing the cross-section of the main columns to improve material efficiency. After optimization, the peak deformations of the roof and bottom chord were reduced to 12.27 mm and 3.22 mm, respectively, with a notable improvement in stress distribution. This study demonstrates that reinforcing key components and adjusting cross-sections can effectively enhance the progressive collapse resistance of multi-span greenhouses.

Key words: multi span film greenhouse, structural optimization, finite element analysis, stress concentration, deformation control