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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (21): 246-252.

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染； 小麦

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

重金属Cd2+对冬小麦幼苗根际微生物种群数量的影响

贾夏 周春娟 董岁明   

  • 收稿日期:2011-02-28 修回日期:2011-04-13 出版日期:2011-08-25 发布日期:2011-08-25
  • 基金资助:

    重金属镉对幼苗期小麦根际微生态系统的影响机制;我国干旱河谷景观特征研究

Effects of Cd2+ on the Number of Rhizospheric Soil Microbial from Winter Wheat Seedlings

  • Received:2011-02-28 Revised:2011-04-13 Online:2011-08-25 Published:2011-08-25

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摘要：

利用盆栽试验进行了Cd2+（对照、5.0、10.0、20.0、50.0、70.0 mg/kg干土）对冬小麦幼苗根际土壤微生物数量影响的研究。研究结果表明，在冬小麦出苗3周时，与对照相比，Cd2+对根际土壤细菌、真菌、自生固氮菌和亚硝化菌数量主要表现出显著抑制作用(P<0.05)，而对放线菌数量表现为极显著促进作用(P<0.01)，细菌数量在群落中所占比重降低，放线菌和真菌的比重增加，微生物总数减少，而多样性指数增加，真菌/细菌比值显著升高(P<0.05)；出苗7周时，Cd2+对细菌和亚硝化菌数量表现出极显著促进作用(P<0.01)，对真菌、放线菌和自生固氮菌数量主要表现为抑制作用，细菌在群落中所占比重增加，放线菌和真菌的比重降低，微生物总数增加，而多样性指数降低，真菌/细菌比值极显著降低(P<0.01)；当12周时Cd2+处理下细菌和真菌数量极显著增加(P<0.01)，而放线菌、自生固氮菌和亚硝化菌数量主要表现为降低现象，细菌和真菌在群落中所占比重增加，放线菌所占的比重降低，微生物总数主要表现为增加，而多样性指数主要表现为降低，真菌/细菌比值变化出现了无规律现象。总体来讲，在整个幼苗初期，与对照相比，Cd2+处理下冬小麦根际微生物总数减少，多样性指数增加，而在幼苗生长后期微生物总数增加，多样性指数却减少。

关键词: 福建 滨海湿地 生态气象 指标体系, 福建 滨海湿地 生态气象 指标体系

Abstract:

The number of microorganisms from winter wheat rhizospheric soil under Cd2+ pollution (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 50.0, 70.0 mg/kg dry soil) was studied using pot experiment. The results indicated that the number of bacterial, fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacterial, and nitrosobacterial mainly decreased significantly (P<0.05), however the number of actinoplanes increased significantly (P<0.01) at three weeks after winter wheat seedlings emerged under Cd2+. At the same time, the ratio of bacterial in microorganism communities decreased and that of fungi and actinoplanes increased, however the total number of microorganism reduced, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index increased, and the ratio of fungi/bacterial rise under Cd2+. After seven weeks when winter wheat seedlings emerged, the number of bacterial and nitrosobacterial increased significantly (P<0.01) and the number of fungi, actinoplanes, and nitrogen-fixing bacterial decreased. At the same time, the ratio of bacterial in microorganism communities increased and that of fungi and actinoplanes decreased. The total number of microorganism went up, but the Shannon-Wiener diversity index reduced and the ratio of fungi/bacterial reduced insignificantly (P<0.01) under Cd2+. After twelve weeks when winter wheat seedlings emerged, the number of bacterial and fungi increased significantly (P<0.01) and that of actinoplanes, nitrosobacterial, and nitrogen-fixing bacterial mainly decreased. At the same time, the ratio of bacterial and fungi in microorganism communities increased and that of actinoplanes decreased. The total of microorganism mainly increased, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index mainly reduced and the ratio of fungi/bacterial changed unregularly under Cd2+. On the whole, the amount of microorganism decreased and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index increased under Cd2+ during early winter wheat seedling growth, but the amount of microorganism increased and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index decreased under Cd2+ during later seedling growth compared to 0.0 mg/kg dry soil.

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