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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (18): 200-203.

所属专题： 农业工程； 玉米

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

机械收获条件下行距配置对玉米生长发育和产量的影响

秦国成   

  • 收稿日期:2011-04-01 修回日期:2011-04-29 出版日期:2011-07-25 发布日期:2011-07-25

Crop Growth and Grain Yield of Maize as Affected by Row Space under Machine Harvest

  • Received:2011-04-01 Revised:2011-04-29 Online:2011-07-25 Published:2011-07-25

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摘要：

为了确定适应于北京地区机械化生产的行距配置，于2007年和2008年在北京平谷进行了2年田间试验，在机械化收获条件下比较了不同行距配置对玉米个体、群体发育以及产量性状的影响。研究结果表明，在60~70 cm行距范围内，无论采用等行距播种还是宽窄行播种，对作物的株高、穗位高、叶面积指数等生长指标均无显著性影响，各个行距配置下玉米产量基本接近。因此，在机械化生产条件下，可以根据农机具设计和生产需要在一定程度上统一收获机械的规格，从而降低生产成本、并促进跨区域作业。

关键词: 对策研究, 对策研究

Abstract:

In China, different row spacing was applied in different regions for maize cultivation, ranging from 33 cm to 90 cm. Although different row spacing provided different canopy architectures and thus high grain yield, it limited trans-regional machine harvest. Therefore, it is urgent to determine a relatively uniform row space which could achieve high grain yield and simultaneously easy for machine operation. Thus, a two-year field experiment was conducted in Pinggu District of Beijing in 2007 and 2008. The crop development and yield parameters were compared to evaluate the yield difference as affected by row spacing under machine harvest. The results were as follows: row spacing had little effect on plant height, ear height, leaf area per plant and LAI, and thus grain yield was not affected by row spacing. Therefore, we concluded that harvest machine with uniform row spacing could be applied in order to reduce the cost for machine production and realize trans-regional operations in the future.