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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (29): 147-151.

所属专题： 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

池塘循环水养殖模式下养殖面积与净化面积的配比关系研究

宋超 裘丽萍 瞿建宏 范立民 孟顺龙 胡庚东   

  • 收稿日期:2012-05-28 修回日期:2012-06-20 出版日期:2012-10-15 发布日期:2012-10-15
  • 基金资助:

    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金;中央级科研院所基本科研业务费

The Relationship between the Area of Fish Pond and Purification Pond in the Model of the Water Circulation Pond Aquaculture System

  • Received:2012-05-28 Revised:2012-06-20 Online:2012-10-15 Published:2012-10-15

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摘要：

为了详细计算池塘循环水养殖模式养殖面积和净化面积合理的配比关系，使养殖废水中氮、磷等富营养化物质的分级利用和水资源的循环使用更加合理。通过参照水生植物对养殖尾水中污染物的吸收能力和养殖鱼类的产排污系数，再结合淡水池塘养殖过程中水质管理的一般规律，给出了淡水池塘循环水养殖模式中养殖池塘面积和净化池塘面积之间配比关系的计算方法。以养殖草鱼为例，通过该计算方法，结果表明：以总氮的去除为例，养殖池塘和净化池塘的基本面积比为15:1；按养殖池塘所排放的污染物浓度计算，一亩净化池塘可以净化7.5亩养殖池塘；按养殖鱼类的产排污系数计算，一亩净化池塘可以净化27.8亩养殖池塘。不同的养殖产量、不同的养殖品种都会影响到净化池塘和养殖池塘面积比例，通过提高净化池塘的净化能力则可以减少净化池塘的使用面积，从而提高养殖效益。利用该计算方法来解释此前相关的研究实例，也证明是可行的。该计算模型的构建为今后在池塘循环水养殖模式构建中降低经济成本，为最终实现生态效益对经济效益的补偿提供了理论基础。

关键词: 杂种优势, 杂种优势

Abstract:

To provide a detailed computational mode on the relationship between the area of fish pond and purification pond, and realize the hierarchical use of nitrogen/phosphorus, and the recirculation use of water resource, In this paper, referred to the absorption ability of aquatic plants to waste water, the ratio of produce to discharge of the pollutants in fish pond, and the water quality management in freshwater aquaculture, a mode was provided to explain that the construction of the water circulation pond aquaculture system was feasible. Taken the nitrogen in grass carp aquaculture for example, the results computed by this mode, showed that, the basic area ratio between fish pond and purification pond was 15:1; in the term of the absorption ability of aquatic plants to waste water, the area ratio was 7.5:1; and in the term of the ratio of produce to discharge of the pollutants in fish pond, the area ratio was 27.8:1. Different aquaculture yield and variety would influence that ratio. It was feasible to reduce the area of purification pond by increase the absorption ability of aquatic plants to waste water. This computational model could also reduce the cost to construction of the model, and realize the balance of the ecological benefit and the economic benefit.