Abstract: The annual net decrease of the cultivated area in China in rent years had a big increase, the ratio between which and the total area in 2003 was 2.06%. The ratio of the net decrease of the cultivated area between the region and the country was 23.9% for the Northwest Region，22.2% for the middle part region and 19.5% for the Southwest Region. The ratio between the area increased by the element and the total increased area was 13.1% for arranged land, 17.5% for re-cultivated land， 32.0% for reclaimed land and 37.4% for agricultural structure adjustment. The ratio between the area decreased by the element and the total decreased area was 13.7% for the land used to construction， 5.3% for the cultivated land damaged by disaster， 59.6% for the land withdrew from cultivation， 21.4 % for agricultural structure adjustment. The cultivated area of 12250*104 hectares in China in 2010 should be ensured by the protective measures including controlling the area of the land used to construction, increasing the area of the arranged land，the re-cultivated land and the reclaimed land, pursuing agricultural structure adjustment, raising the cultivated land quality using “the fertilizing soil project”, increasing unit yield and raising the production quality using increased content of science and technology and raising the land use quality on the land withdrew from cultivation.