葡萄霜霉病预测模型及预警技术研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 霜霉病是危害葡萄最严重的病害之一，目前采用的主要防治手段是喷施化学农药，但其用量过多也带来许多严重问题。若要减轻农药污染，就必须对病害进行精确的预测预报，以便确定最合理的农药使用时机和使用量。在此，从病害流行系统的监测、因子选择、结构及应用等方面综述了利用农业气象模型预测葡萄霜霉病的研究应用进展，并对其存在的问题及发展前景作了讨论。

Abstract: Downy mildew is one of the most serious grape diseases，the usual treatment method presently is the application of chemical fungicide，but excessive spray brings many severe problems. In order to solve the pollution of fungicide，accurate prediction and warning technology must be developed, accordingly the most appropriate occasion and amount of spray can be determined. In this paper, research progress, including epidemic system monitoring of disease, factor selection, structure and application of agrometeorological model in prediction of grape downy mildew is presented, and its problems and prospect were also discussed.

李华,郭明浩. 葡萄霜霉病预测模型及预警技术研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2005, 21(10): 331-331.

Li Hua, Guo Minghao. progress in Prediction Model and Warning Technology of Grape Downy Mildew[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2005, 21(10): 331-331.

参考文献

1 Burruano S.The life cycle of Plasmopara viticola, cause of downy mildew of vine[J].Mycological, 2000,14(4):179~182
2 Orlandini S,Cappugi A.Calibration of agrometeorological model for the simulation of grapevine downy mildew in several viticultural areas of Europe[C].Fifth European Conference on Application of Meteorology(24-28th September).Budapest (Hungary)2001.1~7
3 肖悦岩,季伯衡,杨之为.植物病害流行与预测[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1998.1~8
4 Blaise P H, Gessler C. Development of a forecast model of grape downy mildew on a microcomputer[J].Acta Hort, Modelling in Fruit Research II ,1990,276:63~70
5 Rosa M, Gozzini B, Orlandini S, et al. A computer program to improve the control of grapevine downy mildew[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 1995,12:311~322
6 Magarey P A, Wachtel M F, Weir P C, et al. A computer-based simulator for rational management of grapevine downy mildew Plasmopara viticola[J].Aust. Plant Prot, 1991,6:29~33.
7 Rosa M, Genesio R, Gozzini B, et al. PLASMO: a computer program for grapevine downy mildew development forecasting[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,1993,9:205~215
8 Blaise P H, Gessler C. Vinemild:toward a management tool for grape downy mildew[J]. Acta Hort,1992,313:257~262
9 Orlandini S,Rosa M.A model for the simulation of grapevine downy mildew[J], Petria,1997,1:47~54
10 Rosa M, Gozzini B, Maracchi G, et al. The PLASMO model for grapevine protection[J]. Viticultural and Enological Sciences,1997,52:180~181
11 Balasubramaniam R, Foley L, Moore T, et al. Disease Management Systems Work in Marlborough[C].Proceedings of the New Zealand Grape and Wine Symposium, Auckland,1995,10:49~54
12 Rosa M, Orlandini S. Structure and application of the PLASMO model for the control of grapevine downy mildew[J].Petria,1997,7(1):61~70
13 Bindi M, Miglietta F, Gozzini B, et al. A simple model for simulation of growth and development in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). I Model description[J].Vitis,1997,36:67~71
14 Moriondo M, Bindi M, Fibbi L ,et al (2000). Agrometeorological simulation of grapevine growth and responses to disease stresses[C].7th International Congress for Computer Technology in Agriculture(15~18th November).Firenze(Italia),1998.217~224
15 Schultz H R. An empirical model for the simulation of leaf appearence and leaf development of primary shoots of several grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.) canopy-systems[J].Scienta Hortic,1992,52:179~200
16 Rouzet J, Jacquin D. Development of overwintering oospores of Plasmopara viticola and severity of primary foci in relation to climate[J].EPPO/OEPP Bulletin,2003, 33(3):437~442
17 Tran Manh Sung C, Strizyk S,Clerjeau M.Simulation of the date of maturity of Plasmopara viticola oospores to predict the severity of primary infections in grapevine[J].Plant Disease,1990,74:120~124
18 Lalancette N, Madden L V, Ellis M A. A quantitative model for describing the sporulation of Plasmopara viticola on grape leaves[J]. Phytopathology,1988,78:1316~1321
19 Lalancette N, Madden L V, Ellis M A. Development of an infection efficiency model of Plasmopara viticola on American grape based on temperature and duration of leaf wetness[J].Phytopathology,1988,78:794~800
20 Seghi L. (1993).Use of simulation models for managing grapevine protection[C].Models, computer programs and expert systems for agricultural mechanization(1~2th October).Firenze (Italia),1993.287~292
21 Joao Costa, Agostinho Rosa.Artificial Life Modelling of Downy Mildew of the Grapevine.浙江农业大学学报,1998,24(5):509~516
22 Dalla M A, Vincenzi D, Dietrich S, et al. Leaf wetness duration: importance of estimated and measured data for Plasmopara viticola infection forecasting[J].Geophysical Research Abstracts, 2003, 5: 5380
23 Hoppmann D,Wittich K P. Epidemiology-related modelling of the leaf-wetness duration as an alternative to measurements, taking (Plasmopara viticola) as an example[J]. J. of Plant Dis. and Prot.,1997,104: 533~544
24 Park E W, Seem R C, Gadoury D M, et al. DMCAST: A prediction model for grape downy mildew development[J]. Vitic. Enol. Sci,1997,52:182~189
25 Seem RC, Park EW,Gadoury DM,et al.DMCAST: A prediction model for grapevine downy mildew[J].Amer. J. Enol. Vitic,1992,43:392.
26 Magarey R D, Magarey P A, Seem R C, et al. Developing a low cost disease predictor[J].Aust.Grapegrower& Winemaker,1994,336:63~65
27 Gadoury D M, Pearson R C, Seem R C, et al. Controlling multiple diseases of grapevine with a minimum number of fungicide sprays[J].Grape Research News,1990,1(3):1~3
28 Gadoury D M, Pearson R C, Seem R C, et al. A management program for multiple diseases of grapevine[J]. Amer. J. Enol. Vitic., 1992,43:389~390
29 Gadoury D M, Pearson R C, Seem R C, et al.1994. An integrated control program for fungal diseases of Vitis vinifera and Vitis interspecific hybrid cultivars in the northeastern United States[C].Proc. 2nd Int. Workshop on Grapevine Downy and Powdery Mildew Modeling( 29th Aug~1th Sept), Freiburg(Germany),1994.131
30 Travis J W, Pearson R, Ellis M, et al. VITIS,a grape disease management expert system[C].Proc.1st Int. Workshop on Grapevine Downy Mildew(25~30th July).Geneva,1991.121
31 Travis J W. a. AusVit: Australian viticultural management expert system[J].The Australian Grapegrower and Winemaker Annu. Tach. Issue,1992,340:117~118
32 Hill G K, Breth K, Scholl H, et al.1994.Examination of different methods on their reliability in predicting the date of Plasmopara primary infection in Rheinhessen[C].Proc. 1st Int. Workshop on Grapevine Downy Mildew Modeling,（26~30th August）.Geneva,1991.49~53
33 Crisci A, Moriondo M, Bellesi S, et al. Analysis of downy and powdery mildew infections: a neural network approach[C]. 7th International Congress for Computer Technology in Agriculture( 15~18th november), Firenze (Italia).1998.526~531
34 Vercesi A, Sirtori C, Vavassori A, et al. Estimating germinability of Plasmopara viticola oospores by means of neural networks. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2000,38(1):109~112
35 Guglielmann R, Ironi L, Liberati D, et al. A fuzzy-neural model of the germination of Plasmopara viticola oospores[J]. Notiziario sulla Protezione delle Piante, 2002,15: 309~314
36 Gadoury D M, Seem R C, Wilcox W F, et al.1998. Forecasts of grape downy mildew for New york and Pennsylvania regional IPM programs[C].Proceedings of the 3rd Int. Workshop on Grapevine Downy and Powdery Mildew(21~28th March),Loxton(Australia),1998.62
37 Vercesi A,Cortesi P, Zerbetto F,et al.Evaluation of EPI Plasmopara model in Northern Italy: activity report[C].Proc. 1st N.Y. Agric. Exp. Stn. Special Rep.1994.55~73
38 Madden L V, Ellis M A, Lanlancette N. Evaluation of a disease warning system for downy mildew of grapes[J]. Plant Dis., 2000,84:549~554
39 Cortesi P, Hill G K.Simulation of grapevine downy mildew epidemics and control with the P.R.O. model[C]. Proc. 1st Int. Workshop on Grapevine Downy Mildew Modeling（26~30th August）.Geneva,1991.74~79
40 Hill G K, Breth K, Spies S, et al. The Application of the P.R.O.-Simulator for Minimizing of Plasmopara Sprays in the Frame of an Integrated Control Project in Rheinhessen/Germany[J]. Vitic. Enol.Sci., 1993,48, 176-183
41 Orlandini S, Dalla M A, D'Angelo I, et al. Application of fuzzy logic for the simulation of Plasmopara viticola using agrometeorological variables[J].EPPO/OEPP Bulletin,2003,33(3):415~420
42 国珍,樊仲庆,麻冬梅等.贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄霜霉病流行规律及测报技术[J].植物保护,2004,30（4）：54~56
43 郭明浩,李华,杨永锋.葡萄霜霉病原孢子囊萌发特性及其多元回归分析.第四届国际葡萄与葡萄酒学术研讨会论文集.西安:陕西人民出版社,2004,59~63