Abstract: Chizhou is the first eco-economic model zone in China, it is also an experimental city in ecological Anhui, the construction of ecological agriculture plays a most important role in eco-economic building in chizhou. From the climate, land, natural disasters, rural economic structure and the base of ecological agriculture construction, this paper analyses the conditions for constructing ecological agriculture in Chizhou, and further explores five development modes of ecological agriculture : the solid modes of ecological agriculture, the mode of “pig-marsh gas-foodstuff (fishing, fruit, tea, vegetables, herb etc.)”integrated with the marsh gas, the mode of ecological restoring and reconstruction with emphasis put on comprehensive improvement of the small valleys, the mode of sightseeing agriculture, the mode of courtyard ecological agriculture, and concludes with put forward the development measures: (1)improve awareness and enhance leadership; (2)extend financial source and increase investment; (3)adjust measures to local conditions and scientific programming;(4)rely on science and technology and accelerate the development.