堆肥过程中氮素转化及保氮措施研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17050115

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 堆肥过程中氮素损失既降低堆肥质量,又污染环境。[目的]为了深入研究堆肥过程中的氮素转化及合理的堆肥保氮措施,[方法]本研究归纳总结了堆肥中氮素的氨化作用、氨同化作用、硝化作用、反硝化作用以及形成鸟粪石沉淀等过程,分析了与氮素损失密切相关的堆体的C/N比、pH值、温度、通风与氧气供应等因素,指出可通过调节C/N比、接种微生物菌剂、添加吸附剂和化学物质、控制通风等措施控制氮素损失。[结论]今后有必要从基于堆料碳氮组成形态的C/N比、氮素转化的微生物学机理以及适合规模化堆肥生产的保氮技术等方面进一步开展研究。

关键词: 比色法, 比色法, 土壤含水量, 快速测定

Abstract: Nitrogen loss during composting not only reduces the quality of the compost, but also pollutes environment. To study nitrogen transformation and proper measures of nitrogen conservation during composting, the authors summarized ammonification, ammonia assimilation, nitrification, denitrification and struvite formation in compost. Factors such as C/N ratio, pH value, temperature and ventilation influencing nitrogen loss during composting were also analyzed. Measures like regulating C/N ratio, inoculating microbial agents, adding adsorbents and chemicals, and controlling ventilation for controlling nitrogen loss were demonstrated. In future, further studies should be carried out on the C/N ratio based on the form of carbon and nitrogen, the microbiological mechanism of nitrogen transformation and the technology for minimizing nitrogen loss that suitable for large-scale composting production.

中图分类号:

S606

翁洵,王炎,郑孟菲,何长征. 堆肥过程中氮素转化及保氮措施研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(27): 26-32.

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