精油制剂中油水混溶剂对精油抑菌效果的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18110126

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨基于油水混溶剂的复方精油对空气中沉降菌的抑制作用,本研究测定了复方精油A的抑菌效果、精油型抑菌制剂的抑菌效果和油水混溶剂对精油抑菌效果的影响。通过平板沉降法测定复方精油A的抑菌效果,并选取PEG-40氢化蓖麻油(PEG-40)、吐温80、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、司盘85、双脱乙醇5种油水混溶剂,在复方精油A和油水混溶剂比例分别介于1:1~1:6时配制精油抑菌制剂,并验证该均匀水溶液的抑菌效果,同时采用棋盘稀释法测定油水混溶剂对复方精油A抑菌效果的影响。结果表明,复方精油A的抑菌率达到80%以上,精油抑菌制剂在平板暴露6 h的抑菌率最佳,为48.92%。油水混溶剂中PEG-40的增溶效果最佳,复方精油浓度为1%时,精油、PEG-40、双脱乙醇的最佳比例为1:2:2;浓度为3%时,精油、PEG-40、双脱乙醇的最佳比例为1:3:3。PEG-40对空气中沉降菌无抑制效果,双脱乙醇和复方精油对空气中沉降菌的抑菌效果表现为相加作用。研究对植物精油应用于产业化生产时,油水混溶剂的种类和比例对精油类产品实际效果的影响有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 油水混溶剂, 复方精油, 沉降菌, 精油抑菌制剂, 抑菌效果

Abstract:

To investigate the antibacterial effect of compound essential oil based on oil-water mixed solvent on settled bacteria in air, the antibacterial effect of the compound essential oil A and essential oil antibacterial preparations were studied, and the effect of oil-water mixed solvent on antibacterial effect of essential oil were determined. The inhibition effect of compound essential oil A was measured by plate sedimentation. Essential oil antibacterial preparations were made with the ratio of compound essential oil A and oil-water mixed solvent between 1:1 to 1:6, and five kinds of oil-water mixed solvents were chosen, such as PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, tween 80, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), span 85 and double de-ethanol. Checkerboard dilution method was used to measure the inhibition effect of these preparations. And the results showed that, the bacteriostatic rate of compound essential oil A was larger than 80%, and the best bacteriostatic rate was 48.92% when the essential oil antibacterial preparation has exposed on flat for six hours. When PEG-40 in oil-water mixed solvent got the best solubilization effect, the ratio of essential oil, PEG-40 and double-de-ethanol was 1:2:2 when the concentration of compound essential oil was 1%, and was 1:3:3 when the concentration was 3%. PEG-40 showed no inhibition effect on settled bacteria in air, and the inhibition effect of double-de-ethanol and compound essential oil was additive. Based on the research above, when the plant essential oil is applied to industrial production, the type and proportion of the oil-water mixed solvent have certain actual effect on the essential oil product.

Key words: oil-water mixed solvent, compound essential oil, settling bacteria, essential oil antibacterial preparations, antibacterial effect

中图分类号:

TQ423

马奕奕, 王文翠, 黄海燕, 姚雷. 精油制剂中油水混溶剂对精油抑菌效果的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(7): 135-142.

Ma Yiyi, Wang Wencui, Huang Haiyan, Yao Lei. Effect of Oil-water Mixed Solvent on the Antibacterial Effect of Essential Oils in Essential Oil Preparations[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(7): 135-142.

图/表 14

参考文献 26

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序号	菌种拉丁名	菌种中文名	采集点
1	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	解淀粉芽胞杆菌	卫生间
2	Bacillus megaterium	巨大芽孢杆菌	卫生间
3	Bacillus subblls	/	卫生间、走廊、宿舍
4	Bacillus thuringiensis	苏云金芽孢杆菌	卫生间、办公室、走廊
5	Bacillus cereus	蜡样芽胞杆菌	卫生间、办公室、走廊、宿舍
6	Pseudomonas hibiscicola	栖木槿假单胞菌	办公室、宿舍
7	Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia	嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌	走廊
8	Bacillus licheniformis	地衣芽胞杆菌	走廊
9	Bacillus altitudinis	高地芽孢杆菌	办公室、走廊
10	Aeromonas media	中间气单胞菌	走廊
11	Staphylococcus saprophyticus	腐生性葡萄球菌	宿舍
12	Bacillus velezensis	贝莱斯芽胞杆菌	宿舍

序号	菌种拉丁名	菌种中文名	采集点
1	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	解淀粉芽胞杆菌	卫生间
2	Bacillus megaterium	巨大芽孢杆菌	卫生间
3	Bacillus subblls	/	卫生间、走廊、宿舍
4	Bacillus thuringiensis	苏云金芽孢杆菌	卫生间、办公室、走廊
5	Bacillus cereus	蜡样芽胞杆菌	卫生间、办公室、走廊、宿舍
6	Pseudomonas hibiscicola	栖木槿假单胞菌	办公室、宿舍
7	Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia	嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌	走廊
8	Bacillus licheniformis	地衣芽胞杆菌	走廊
9	Bacillus altitudinis	高地芽孢杆菌	办公室、走廊
10	Aeromonas media	中间气单胞菌	走廊
11	Staphylococcus saprophyticus	腐生性葡萄球菌	宿舍
12	Bacillus velezensis	贝莱斯芽胞杆菌	宿舍

成分	含量
酪蛋白胰酶消化物/g	15
大豆粉木瓜蛋白酶消化物/g	5
氯化钠/g	5
琼脂/g	15
纯化水/mL	1000

成分	含量
酪蛋白胰酶消化物/g	15
大豆粉木瓜蛋白酶消化物/g	5
氯化钠/g	5
琼脂/g	15
纯化水/mL	1000

序号	英文名	中文名	含量/%	序号	英文名	中文名	含量/%
1	limonene	柠檬烯	36.17	19	spathulenol	桉油烯醇	0.29
2	linalool	芳樟醇	27.99	20	linalool oxide B	芳樟醇氧化物B	0.26
3	menthol	薄荷醇	8.62	21	camphene	莰烯	0.23
4	thujone	侧柏酮	7.44	22	menthyl acetate	乙酸薄荷酯	0.21
5	citral	柠檬醛	4.34	23	safrole	黄樟素	0.20
6	beta-citral	β-柠檬醛	2.73	24	gamma-cadinene	γ-荜澄茄烯	0.19
7	menthone	薄荷酮	1.05	25	humulene	α-律草烯	0.19
8	beta-caryophyllene	反式石竹烯	0.91	26	terpinen-4-ol	4-萜品醇	0.18
9	myrcene	月桂烯	0.78	27	p-cymene	对伞花烃	0.18
10	eucalyptol	桉叶油醇	0.73	28	6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one	甲基庚烯酮	0.17
11	alpha-pinene	α-蒎烯	0.55	29	piperitone	胡椒酮	0.16
12	sabenene	桧烯	0.49	30	beta-pinene	β-蒎烯	0.15
13	geraniol	香叶醇	0.42	31	alpha-terpineol	α-萜品醇	0.14
14	isomenthone	异薄荷酮	0.33	32	camphor	樟脑	0.13
15	caryophyllene oxide	石竹素	0.33	33	beta-phellandrene	β-水芹烯	0.12
16	geranyl acetate	乙酸香叶酯	0.32	34	cis-4-thujanol	顺式-4-侧柏醇	0.12
17	linalool oxide A	芳樟醇氧化物A	0.31	35	dihydrolinalool	二氢芳樟醇	0.12
18	neointermedeol	新臭根醇	0.29