田间可调式UV-B辐射增强对籼型杂交稻“协优432”生长及产量的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在大田栽培条件下，研究了采用可调式UV-B辐射增强自动控制系统对晚稻品种“协优432”生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明，UV-B辐射增强对该水稻品种光合及产量的影响不显著，具体表现在：（1）叶绿素a、叶绿素b在分蘖期分别上升4.60%和8.37%；拔节期叶绿素a下降3.20%，叶绿素b上升0.20%；孕穗期叶绿素a、叶绿素b上升2.57%和1.52%；（2）最大光合速率在拔节期和孕穗期分别上升1.38%和下降1.29%；（3）孕穗期叶绿素荧光参数PSII效率(PhiPS2)、电子传递效率(ETR)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)上升幅度为10.22%、10.22%、10.21%；（4）株高在分蘖期上升0.18%；拔节期上升0.87%；孕穗期上升3.90%；成熟期上升0.14%；（5）水稻成熟后，经UV-B辐射的水稻平均穗长增加了0.16%，每穗穗粒重、每株有效穗数、千粒重分别下降了0.35%、3.02%、1.23%。以上指标和自然日光UV-B辐射组进行方差分析，差异均不显著。

Abstract: We investigated responses of growth and grain yield to increased exposure to UV-B (280-320nm) radiation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) “Xieyou 432” using a modulated UV-B supplementation system under field conditions. Our study showed that enhanced UV-B had little effects on the growth and yield of rice. The results are as follows: (1) Under enhanced UV-B conditions, contents of chlorophyll a, b increased by 4.60% and 8.37% during tillering stage; during jointing stage, chlorophyll a content decreased by 3.20% while chlorophyll b increased by 0.20%; during booting stage, contents of chlorophyll a, b increased by 2.57% and 1.52%; (2) maximum photosynthetic rate increased by 1.38% during jointing stage and decreased by 1.29% during booting stage; (3) kinetics parameters of PSII efficiency (PhiPS2), electron transport rate (ETR) and photochemical quenching (qP) increased by 10.22%, 10.22%, 10.21% during booting stage; (4) rice height increased by 0.18%, 0.87%, 3.90% and 0.14% during tillering stage, jointing stage, booting stage and ripening stage; (5) panicle length increased by 0.16%; total grain weight per panicle, effective panicle per plant and 1000-grain weight decreased by 0.35%, 3.02% and 1.23%. All the indices are not significant compared to the indices of the rice grown under ambient UV-B irradiance conditions.

李海涛,廖迎春,董铭,梁涛. 田间可调式UV-B辐射增强对籼型杂交稻“协优432”生长及产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(6): 349-349.

Li Haitao, Liao Yingchun, Dong Ming, Liang Tao. Effects of Modulated Uv-b Supplementation on the Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Fields[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2006, 22(6): 349-349.

参考文献

1 Cen Y P, Bornman J F. The response of bean plants to UV-B radiation under different irradiances of background visible light. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1990,41:1489~1495
2 Kramer G F, Norman, H A, Krizek D T, et al. Influence of UV-B radiation on polyamines, lipid peroxidation and membrane lipids in cucumber. Phytochemistry, 1991,30:2101~2108
3 Caldwell M M, Flint S D. Stratospheric ozone reduction, solar UV-B radiation and terrestrial ecosystems. Climatic change, 1994a,28: 375~394
4 Caldwell M M., Flint S D, Searles P S. Spectral balance and UV-B sensitivity of soybean: a field experiment. Plant, Cell & Environ, 1994b,17: 267~276
5 Li H-T(李海涛), Yao Y-J(姚永军), Zhou S-D(周曙东). The modulated lamp system for research on solar UV-B supplementation(可调式UV-B自动控制系统的研制). Acta Agriculturae universitatis Jiangxiensis(江西农业大学学报), 2003,25(6): 953~957(in Chinese)
6 Youfei Zheng, W. G., James R. Slusser, Richard H. Grant, Chuanhai Wang. Yield and yield formation of field winter wheat in response to supplemental solar ultraviolet-B radiation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2003,120: 279~283
7 Madronich S, Mckenzie R L, Caldwell M M, et al. Changes in ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth's surface. Ambio, 1995,24(3): 143~152
8 Carrasco R M, R. J. S., Perez P. Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence during the course of photoperiod and in response to drought in Casuarina equisetifolia Forst and Forst. Photosynthetica, 2002,40(3): 363~368
9 Barns P W, Maggard S, Holman S R, et al. Intraspecific variation in sensitivity to UV-B radiation in rice. Crop Sci, 1993,33: 1041~1046
10 Coronel V P, Dai Q J, Vergara B S, et al. Preliminary study on response of rice seedlings to enhanced UV-B radiation. Int. Rice Res. Newslett, 1990,15:37
11 Dai Q, C. V., Vergara B S, et al. Ultraviolet-B radiation effects on growth and physiology of four rice cultivars. Crop Science, 1992,32: 1269
12 Dai Q, P., S., Chavez A Q, Vergara B S. Intraspecific response of 188 rice cultivars to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation. Environ & Exper Bo, 1994,34: 433~442
13 Dai Q, V., B.S., Chavez A Q, Peng S. Response of rice plants from different regions to ultraviolet-B radiation. Int. Rice Res. Notes, 1994b,19:15~16
14 He J, Huang L K, Chow W S, et al. Effects of supplementary ultraviolet-B radiation on rice and pea plants. Aust. J. Plant Physiol, 1993,20: 129~142
15 Kumagai T, Hidema J, Kang H S,et al. Effects of supplemental UV-B radiation on the growth and yield of two cultivars of Japanese lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) under the field in a cool rice-growing region of Japan. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ, 2001,83: 201~208
16 Pal M, Sengupta U K, Srivastava A C,et al. Changes in growth and photosynthesis of mungbean induced by UV-B radiation. Indian J. Plant Physiol, 1999,4: 79~84
17 Sullivan J H., Rozema J. UV-B effects on terrestrial plant growth and photosynthesis. In: Rozema, J. (Ed.), Stratospheric Ozone Depletion: The Effects of Enhanced UV-B Radiation on Terrestrial Ecosystems. Backhuys Publishers, 1999,Leiden: 39~57
18 Dai Q J, Peng S B, Chavez A Q, et al. Supplemental ultraviolet-B radiation does not reduce growth or grain yield in rice. Agronomy Journal , 1997,89: 793~799
19 Kim H Y, Kobayashi K, Nouchi I, et al. Enhanced UV-B radiation has little effect on growth, delta 3C values and pigments of pot-grown rice (Oryza sativa) in the field. Physiol Plant, 1996,96: 1~5
20 Nouchi I, Kobayashi K. Effects of enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation with a modulated lamp control system on growth of 17 rice cultivars in the field. Agric. Meteorol, 1995,51:11~20
21 Ziska L H, Teramura A H, Sullivan A H, et al. Influence of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on photosynthetic and growth characteristics in field-grown casava (Manihot esculentum Crantz). Plant Cell Environ. , 1993,16: 73~79
22 Nedunchezhian N, Kulandaivelu G. Changes induced by ultraviolet-B (280-320nm) radiation to vegetative growth and photosynthetic characteristics in field grown Vigna unguiculata L. Plant Sci. Limerick, 1997,123: 85~92
23 Al-Oudat M, Baydoun S A, Mohammad A. Effects of enhanced UV-B on growth and yield of two Syrian crops wheat (Triticum durum var. Horani) and broad beans (Vicia faba) under field conditions. Environ Exp Bot, 1998,40:11~16
24 Panagopoulos I, Bornman J F, Bjorn L O. Response of sugar beet plants to ultraviolet-B (280-320nm) radiation and Cercospora leaf spot disease. Physiol. Plant, 1992,84: 140~145
25 Kakani V G, Zhao K R R, Sailaja D K. Field crop responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: a review. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2003,120: 191~218