苹果树的钙营养及补钙技术综述

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国苹果的果实品质一直是影响出口价格和市场竞争力的主要因素。钙是决定果实品质的最重要的矿质营养元素，适宜的钙含量对于保持果实硬度，降低苹果生理病害有重要作用。综述了苹果树上常见的缺钙症状、影响因素及补钙措施，以期为苹果的优质高效生产提供参考。

关键词: 木霉菌, 木霉菌, 番茄叶表真菌, 相互关系

Abstract: Fruit quality of Apple is the main factor which influences its price for export, and its market competition ability. Calcium is thought to be the most important mineral element determining fruit quality. Calcium in adequate amounts helps to maintain apple fruit firmness and decreases the incidence of physiological disorders. This paper introduces the familiar symptom of calcium deficiency on apple tree, and its influencing factors, and the calcium treatment, in order to provide advices for supper quality and efficient production.

王建国,宋宇琴,吴国良. 苹果树的钙营养及补钙技术综述[J]. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(8): 373-373.

Wang Jianguo, Song Yuqin, Wu Guoliang. The Calcium Nutrition And Calcium Treatments of Apple Tree[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2006, 22(8): 373-373.

参考文献

1 束怀瑞,等.苹果学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.366~374
2 陈立松,刘星辉.果树逆境生理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.327~350
3 Conway, W. S., Sams, C. E., Hickey, K. D.. Pre- and post-harvest calcium treatment of apple fruit and its effect on quality[J]. Acta Horticulture, 2002, 594: 413~419
4 关军锋,束怀瑞,张良诚.钙及其拮抗剂对苹果果肉质膜透性的调节作用[J].果树学报,2004,21(5): 402~405
5 Bangerth F. A role for auxin and auxin transport inhibitors on the calcium content of artifically induced parthrmnocarpic fruits[J]. Physiol Plant, 1976, 37: 191~194
6 黄卫东,陈树峰.植物生长调节物质对新红星苹果钙营养的影响[J].中国农学通报,2002,18(3):3~5,12
7 陈见晖,周卫.苹果缺钙对果实钙组分、亚细胞分布与超微结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(4): 572~576
8 李港丽,苏润宇,沈隽.几种落叶果树叶内矿质元素含量标准值的研究[J].园艺学报,1987,14(2):81~89
9 Saure, M. C. New views of the prerequisites for an occurrence of bitter pit in apple and its control by calcium sprays [J]. Acta Horticulturae, 2002, 594: 421~425
10 秦国政,田世平,刘海波.钙在调控水果采后病害中的应用[J].植物学通报,2002,19(3):257~264
11 Mursec M. Influence of foliar feeding with calcium on fruit quality in apples [J]. Zbornik referatov 1, 2004, (15): 145~151
12 Bangerth F. Calcium-related physiological disorders of plants[J]. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 1979, 17: 97~122
13 Tuner N A. Micro-determination of oxalate in crude extracts of plant tissues [J]. Journal Science of Food Agriculture, 1980, 31: 171~176
14 Tagliavini, M., Zavalloni, C., Rombola, A. D., et al. Mineral nutrient partitioning to fruits of deciduous trees [J]. Acta Horticulturae, 2000, 512: 131~140
15 汪良驹,等.苹果苦痘病发生与钙、镁离子及抗氧化酶活性的关系[J].园艺学报,2001,28(3):200~205
16 Cutting J G M. The relationship between basipetal auxin transport and calcium allocation in vegetative and reproductive flush in avacado[J]. Scientia Horticulture, 1989, 41: 27~34
17 Wojcik, P. Yield and "Jonagold" apple fruit quality as influenced by spring sprays with commercial Rosatop material containing calcium and boron[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2002, 25(5): 999~1010
18 Kondo, S.; Sutthiwal Setha. Effect of calcium application on fruit quality of apples produced in warm regions [J]. Environment Control in Biology, 2005, 43(1): 57~60
19 李丙智,等.CA2000钙宝叶肥在富士苹果树上应用研究[J].西北林学院学报,2001,16(3):26~28
20 秦国政,田世平,刘海波.钙在调控水果采后病害中的应用[J].植物学通报,2002,19(3):257~264
21 Shah Alam, Javid Ullah, Tariq Ahmad, et al. Effect of calcium chloride coating applied under vacuum (270~300 mmHg) on the physio-chemical characteristics of apple cv. Kingstar stored at ambient conditions[J]. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2004, 20(4): 627~634
22 Betoret N., Martinez-Monzo J., Fito P. J., et al. Calcium and iron distribution in fortified vacuum-impregnated fruits determined by electron dispersion X-ray microanalysis [J]. Journal of Food Science, 2005, 70(1): 26~30
23 边少敏,孙建设,张继光.柠檬酸钙对红富士苹果果实中钙含量及品质影响研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2002,25(3):37~40
24 吴国良,刘群龙,刘和,等.树体自动滴输微肥对果树生理和果实品质的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(2):154~157
25 孟玉平,曹秋芬,横田清,等.钙化合物对苹果疏花疏果的效应[J].果树学报,2002,19(6):365~368

[1]	潘端云,安明态,徐建,黄郎. 贵州百里杜鹃自然保护区景观格局特征分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(16): 61-68.
[2]	翟园,洪超. 湖南地区多普勒天气雷达回波与云地闪关系研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(11): 115-120.
[3]	赖明谷徐彩球金姝兰. 大众化视野中地方大学与新农村建设的关系研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(14): 69-74.
[4]	李勇,刘时轮,丁万隆,傅俊范,方焕民. 绿色木霉Tv04-2固体发酵物对人参防御酶活性影响的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2009, 25(3): 63-65.
[5]	康萍芝,张丽荣,沈瑞清. 11种木霉菌对葡萄灰霉病菌的拮抗作用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(8): 392-392.
[6]	王芊. 影响木霉菌在叶表定殖的因素[J]. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(9): 387-387.
[7]	you@.com. 景观破碎化数量分析方法概述[J]. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(5): 146-146.
[8]	温明霞,易时来,李学平,石孝均,关博谦. 烤烟中氯与其它主要营养元素的关系(综述)[J]. 中国农学通报, 2004, 20(5): 62-62.
[9]	任长顺. 木霉菌和番茄叶表主要微生物间关系[J]. 中国农学通报, 2004, 20(5): 232-232.
[10]	曲再红,杜相革. 土壤添加物、土壤微生物和番茄苗期生长相互关系的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2004, 20(4): 84-84.
[11]	王芊. 木霉菌BTW41发酵条件的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2004, 20(2): 29-29.