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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 45-52.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0043

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河三角洲盐碱地土壤盐分和浅层地下水水质变化规律研究

朱玉朵1(), 王薇2(), 黄乾2, 庞桂斌1, 韩合忠2   

  1. 1 济南大学水利与环境学院，济南 250022
    2 山东省水利科学研究院，济南 250014
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-08 修回日期:2025-05-28 出版日期:2025-08-19 发布日期:2025-08-19
  • 通讯作者:
    王薇，女，1980年出生，山东微山人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事农业节水方面的研究。通信地址：250014 山东省济南市历下区历山路125号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    朱玉朵，女，2001年出生，河南信阳人，硕士研究生，主要从事节水灌溉与农田生态环境研究。通信地址：250022 山东省济南市南辛庄西路336号 济南大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划项目“黄河流域多尺度水网构建与生态修复技术研究及应用示范”(2023CXGC010905)

Research on Variation Patterns of Soil Salinity in Saline-alkali Land and Shallow Groundwater Quality in the Yellow River Delta

ZHU Yuduo1(), WANG Wei2(), HUANG Qian2, PANG Guibin1, HAN Hezhong2   

  1. 1 School of Water Conservancy and Environment, Jinan University, Jinan 250022
    2 Shandong Provincial Academy of Water Sciences, Jinan 250014
  • Received:2025-01-08 Revised:2025-05-28 Published:2025-08-19 Online:2025-08-19

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摘要：

为探究黄河三角洲盐碱地不同改良模式下水盐运移规律，本研究创新性地采用连续动态监测（2024年6—11月）与多要素（土壤—地下水—排水沟）综合分析相结合的方法，以东营市垦利区作为研究区域，通过田间定点取样，系统揭示了盐碱地改良过程中的水土环境响应机制。结果表明：（1）暗管排水条件下，稻作改良区（稻改区）土壤全盐量在生育期末降幅达82.81%~91.73%，显著高于雨养区模式的71.79%~81.54%；（2）稻改后土壤pH呈上升趋势，盐分淋洗导致pH升高6.55%~13.10%，呈现典型的“脱盐碱化”特征；除HCO3-外，各离子指标、全盐量与pH间均存在显著相关性；（3）地下水全盐量动态受灌溉—降水耦合驱动，呈先升后降趋势；7—9月埋深普遍<1.2 m；8—11月水质（全盐量>2 g/L）均超出农田灌溉标准，不宜直接用于农田灌溉。本研究结果可为黄河三角洲盐碱地土壤盐渍化调控及治理提供一定的理论与技术支撑。

关键词: 土壤盐分, 土壤离子, 地下水水质, 排水沟水质, 土壤全盐量

Abstract:

To explore the law of water and salt transportation under different improvement modes of saline-alkali land in the Yellow River Delta, this study innovatively adopted a combination of continuous dynamic monitoring ( June-November 2024 ) and multi-factor ( soil-groundwater-drain ) comprehensive analysis. Taking Kenli District of Dongying City as the research area, the response mechanism of water and soil environment in the process of saline-alkali land improvement was systematically studied through field fixed-point sampling. The results showed as follows. (1) Under the condition of subsurface pipe drainage, the soil total salt content in the rice-improved area decreased by 82.81%-91.73% at the end of the growth period, which was significantly higher than that in the rain-fed area (71.79% -81.54%). (2) Following the conversion to rice cultivation, the soil pH increased, and salt leaching led to a pH increase of 6.55%-13.10%, showing a typical 'desalination and alkalization' feature; Notably, except for HCO3-, there was a significant correlation observed between other ion indicators, total salinity and soil pH. (3) The total salt content of groundwater was driven by irrigation-precipitation coupling, showing a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The buried depth from July to September was generally <1.2 m, and the water quality from August to November (total salt content >2g/L) exceeded the standard of farmland irrigation and should not be directly used for farmland irrigation. The results of this study can provide some theoretical and technical support for the regulation and control of soil salinization in the Yellow River Delta.

Key words: soil salinity, soil ions, groundwater quality, drainage ditch water quality, total salt content