五大连池熔岩孤丘凋落叶分解主场优势对土壤腐殖质的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0933

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 117-123.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0933

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

五大连池熔岩孤丘凋落叶分解主场优势对土壤腐殖质的影响

姜明月(), 杨帆, 黄庆阳(), 谢立红, 曹宏杰, 沙刚

黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所/湿地与生态保育国家地方联合工程实验室，哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2025-11-16 修回日期:2026-01-23 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-27
通讯作者:
黄庆阳，女，1981年出生，黑龙江哈尔滨人，研究员，博士，主要从事火山植被与生态协同进化研究。通信地址：150040 黑龙江省哈尔滨市香坊区哈平路103号，Tel：0451-58939389，E-mail：huangqingyang@163.com。
作者简介:
姜明月，女，1987年出生，黑龙江哈尔滨人，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事火山生态研究。通信地址：150040 黑龙江省哈尔滨市香坊区哈平路103号，Tel：0451-58939389，E-mail：736035905@qq.com。
基金资助:
黑龙江省科学院青年创新基金“火山熔岩台地不同植被类型土壤腐殖化特征”(QNCX2024ZR01); 黑龙江省自然科学基金“五大连池火山熔岩台地苔藓结皮固碳机制研究”(LH2024C116); 黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目“五大连池火山熔岩生境不同结皮类型的固氮潜力研究”(CZBZ202507002)

Effects of Home-field Advantage of Leaf Litter Decomposition on Soil Humus in Wudalianchi Volcano Kipuka

JIANG Mingyue(), YANG Fan, HUANG Qingyang(), XIE Lihong, CAO Hongjie, SHA Gang

National and Provincial Joint Engineering Laboratory of Wetlands and Ecological Conservation/Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040

Received:2025-11-16 Revised:2026-01-23 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-05-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究着眼于植物凋落叶类型对土壤腐殖质组成、含量等的差异化影响，选取五大连池熔岩孤丘这一独特生境为试验样地，采用原位凋落叶袋控制试验方法，考察针叶林（落叶松）和阔叶林（白桦和山杨）3种凋落叶对土壤腐殖质的影响，分析土壤可提取腐殖质(EHS)、胡敏酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)含量对凋落叶分解过程中“主场优势”的响应。结果表明：（1）凋落叶在非原生地分解会改变土壤腐殖质的组成和含量变化趋势；（2）森林类型、凋落叶种类、分解时间以及三者之间的交互作用，均对土壤腐殖质各组分、含量有极显著影响；（3）分解初期，3种凋落叶下土壤EHS和HA含量在原生地表现为山杨>白桦>落叶松，在非原生地则呈现相反趋势。FA含量在原生地表现为落叶松<白桦<山杨，在非原生地则呈现相反趋势，而胡富比在原生地表现为山杨>白桦>落叶松；EHS、HA、HM含量和胡富比、PQ值在非原生地均呈现落叶松>白桦>山杨；（4）分解末期，3种凋落叶下土壤FA在原生地和HM在非原生地均表现为落叶松>白桦>山杨，EHS、HA、胡富比和PQ值在原生地和非原生地均为白桦>落叶松>山杨。因此，五大连池火山熔岩孤丘3种凋落叶分解对土壤腐殖质各组分及腐殖化进程的影响并非全部体现“主场优势”。具体而言，白桦凋落叶下土壤腐殖质各组分均呈现原生地>非原生地，表现出显著的“主场优势”；山杨落叶下土壤EHS、HM呈现原生地>非原生地，同样具有“主场优势”。

关键词: 五大连池火山, 熔岩孤丘, 凋落叶, 土壤腐殖质, 主场优势

Abstract:

This study focused on the differential effects of plant leaf litter types on soil humus composition and content. Wudalianchi volcano kipuka, a special habitat, was selected as the sample site, the method of in situ leaf litter bag was adopted to carry out the cavitation experiment to study the effects of leaf litter of different species (Populus davidiana, Betula platyphylla and Larix gmeliniion) on soil humus in coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest. The responses of extractable humus, humic acid and fulvic acid contents in soil, and humic acid/fulvic acid ratio to the home field advantage during leaf litter decomposition were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) when leaf litter decomposed away field from home field, it changed the variation trend of soil humus composition; (2) forest type, leaf litter species, decomposition time and their interactions all had significant effects on the content of soil humus components; (3) at the beginning of decomposition, the EHS and HA content of the home field, FA content of the away field and humic acid/fulvic acid ratio of the home field soil under the three leaf litters were as follows: Populus davidiana>Betula platyphylla>Larix gmelinii; the EHS, HA, HM, humic acid/fulvic acid ratio and PQ values of the away field soil under the three leaf litters were as follows: Larix gmelinii> Betula platyphylla> Populus davidiana; (4) at the end of decomposition, the FA content of home field and the HM content of away field of the soil under the three leaf litters were as follows: Larix gmelinii> Betula platyphylla> Populus davidiana, both of the home and away field of EHS, HA, humic acid/fulvic acid ratio and PQ values of soil under the three leaf litters were as follows: Betula platyphylla> Larix gmelinii> Populus davidiana. To sum up, the effects of the decomposition of three kinds of leaf litter on each component of soil humus and humification in the Wudalianchi volcano kipuka are not all home field advantages. All the components of soil humus under leaf litter of Betula platyphylla leaf litter show home field>away field, with home field advantage, the extractable humus and humin from the soil under the Populus davidiana leaf litter show that the home field is higher than the away field.

Key words: Wudalianchi volcano, kipuka, leaf litter, soil humus, home-field advantage

中图分类号:

S718.5森林生态学

姜明月, 杨帆, 黄庆阳, 谢立红, 曹宏杰, 沙刚. 五大连池熔岩孤丘凋落叶分解主场优势对土壤腐殖质的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2026, 42(10): 117-123.

JIANG Mingyue, YANG Fan, HUANG Qingyang, XIE Lihong, CAO Hongjie, SHA Gang. Effects of Home-field Advantage of Leaf Litter Decomposition on Soil Humus in Wudalianchi Volcano Kipuka[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(10): 117-123.

图/表 6

图1. 3种凋落叶在主客场分解的可提取腐殖质含量数值为平均值±标准误差，n=3；小写字母表示相同森林类型相同处理凋落叶下不同时期土壤可提取腐殖质的差异显著性(P<0.05)；大写字母表示相同森林类型同一时期不同处理凋落叶下土壤可提取腐殖质的差异显著性(P<0.05)，下同

因子	df	F_EHS	F_FA	F_HA	F_HM	F_胡富比	F_PQ
分解时间	1	99.87^**	104.75^**	125.63^**	129.60^**	344.39^**	385.22^**
森林类型	2	28.81^**	11.97^**	29.55^**	5.58^**	18.18^**	300.34^**
凋落叶	5	220.4^**	1052.13^**	206.82^**	34.67^**	307.03^**	32.81^**
森林类型×凋落叶	2	49.53^**	22.37^**	53.36^**	1.08^**	81.58^**	173.36^**
分解时间×森林类型	5	60.79^**	151.55^**	69.3^**	35.98^**	182.23^**	94.23^**
分解时间×凋落叶	10	31.3^**	133.5^**	30.15^**	3.18^**	52.86^**	40.74^**
时间×森林类型×凋落叶	9	32.23^**	105.75^**	35.99^**	7.27^**	87.84^**	89.32^**

表1. 凋落叶、分解时间和森林类型对熔岩孤丘土壤可提取腐殖质、胡敏酸、富里酸、胡富比及腐殖化度(PQ)的三因素方差分析

图2. 3种凋落叶在主客场分解的胡敏酸含量

图3. 3种凋落叶在主客场分解的富里酸含量

图4. 3种凋落叶在主客场分解的胡敏素含量

图5. 3种凋落叶在主客场分解的胡富比和腐化度

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五大连池熔岩孤丘凋落叶分解主场优势对土壤腐殖质的影响

Effects of Home-field Advantage of Leaf Litter Decomposition on Soil Humus in Wudalianchi Volcano Kipuka

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