Abstract: Taking the cotton soil which have been planted cotton five years, 10, 15, 20 years in the 50 Mission in South Xingjian region as a target, we respectively measured the proportion of cotton soil, density, porosity and the reunion of the structure and mechanical components and other physical properties with the different continuous cropping years. The results showed that: The continuous cropping with cotton have a great influence on various physical properties. The proportion and density of cotton soil has an upward trend with years of growth. And the porosity of the contrary. The micro-aggregates which is less than 0.25 mm in the soil aggregate a larger proportion. The good proportion of the aggregate has a declining trend with years of growth, while micro-aggregates the contrary; the sand of the soil mechanical components have a larger proportion; but not gravel, the sand content showed an upward trend with years of growth, but the downward trend of silt, and clay showed no fluctuations in-law.