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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (27): 21-25.

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

冀西北冬麦北移适宜播期和品种的研究

霍阿红 张志鹏 杨德智 付永斌 李强 张文祥   

  • 收稿日期:2011-11-08 修回日期:2012-02-16 出版日期:2012-09-25 发布日期:2012-09-25
  • 基金资助:

    河北省省校科技合作开发资金项目

The Suitable Sowing Date and Winter Wheat Cultivars in the Northwest When Planting Moving from South to North in Jixibei

  • Received:2011-11-08 Revised:2012-02-16 Online:2012-09-25 Published:2012-09-25

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摘要：

为了进一步明确冀西北冬麦北移的适宜播期和品种，选用3个冬小麦品种（‘京冬1号’、‘苏引6号’和‘02铁品5’），通过分期播种，研究不同播期对小麦越冬和产量的影响。结果表明，以2008年9月23日为播种期的小麦越冬性和产量最高，播期主要通过影响有效穗数多少决定产量高低，播种越晚影响越明显；‘02铁品5’与‘苏引6号’产量极显著高于‘京冬1号’。通过对2005—2010年的冬前积温进行分析，认为冀西北冬小麦适宜播期为9月20日至9月25日左右，同时，应根据气候及品种特性进行适当调整，即较暖地区可适当延后，冷凉地区要适当提前；生育期短、冬性弱的品种要适当晚播，生育期长和冬性强的品种可适当早播；播期推迟时，要适当加大播种密度，以弥补越冬性差造成的群体不足。

Abstract:

To detect the suitable sowing date and winter wheat cultivars in Jixibei, the effects of different sowing date on over-wintering and grain yield were studied, using three winter wheat cultivars (‘Jingdong 1’, ‘Suyin 6’ and ‘02 Tiepin 5’) by means of interval sowing. The results showed that, the survival in winter and grain yield were the greatest when these winter wheat cultivars were sowed at September 23th, and the main factors for yield increasing were of effective ears bearing. The yield of cultivars ‘02 Tiepin 5’ and ‘Suyin 6’ were significantly higher than ‘Jingdong 1’. Furthermore, the suitable sowing date in Jixibei was from September 20th to September 25th, and meanwhile should be adjusted according to the climate and cultivar character. The sowing date in warmer areas might be proper to delay, the sowing date should be ahead of time in cold areas. The varieties which had short growth period and the weak winterness should be appropriate to sow lately, the long growth period and good winterness varieties might be appropriate to sow early. When sowing date was postponed, the planting density should be increased to compensate for poor groups due to poor overwintering.